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Analysis and design of dual-phase steel microstructure for enhanced ductile fracture resistance

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Abstract

The goal of this paper is to predict how the properties of the constituent phases and microstructure of dual phase steels (consisting of ferrite and martensite) influence their fracture resistance. We focus on two commercial low-carbon dual-phase (DP) steels with different ferrite/martensite phase volume fractions and properties. These steels exhibit similar flow behavior and tensile strength but different ductility. Our experimental observations show that the mechanism of ductile fracture in these two DP steels involves nucleation, growth and coalescence of micron scale voids. We thus employ microstructure-based finite element simulations to analyze the ductile fracture of these dual-phase steels. In the microstructure-based simulations, the individual phases of the DP steels are discretely modeled using elastic-viscoplastic constitutive relations for progressively cavitating solids. The flow behavior of the individual phases in both the steels are determined by homogenizing the microscale calibrated crystal plasticity constitutive relations from a previous study (Chen et al. in Acta Mater 65:133–149, 2014) while the damage parameters are determined by void cell model calculations. We then determine microstructural effects on ductile fracture of these steels by analyzing a series of representative volume elements with varying volume fractions, flow and damage behaviors of the constituent phases. Our simulations predict qualitative features of the ductile fracture process in good agreement with experimental observations for both DP steels. A ‘virtual’ DP microstructure, constructed by varying the microstructural parameters in the commercial steels, is predicted to have strength and ductile fracture resistance that is superior to the two commercial DP steels. Our simulations provide guidelines for improving the ductile fracture resistance of DP steels.

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Acknowledgements

The work reported in this report was supported by General Motors though the GM/Brown Collaborative Research Laboratory on Computational Materials Research. The computational resources and services of the Center for Computation and Visualization, Brown University are gratefully acknowledged. The DP980 and DF140T sheet steels were kindly provided by Dr. S. Bhat of ArcelorMittal. The authors are very grateful for the many fruitful discussions with Drs. S. Bhat and S. Sadagopan of ArcelorMittal and Dr. A.K. Sachdev of General Motors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA

    Daniel Gerbig & Allan Bower

  2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA

    Ankit Srivastava

  3. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel

    Shmuel Osovski

  4. General Motors R&D Center, 30470 Harley Earl Blvd., Warren, MI, 48092, USA

    Louis G. Hector Jr.

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  1. Daniel Gerbig
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  4. Louis G. Hector Jr.
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Correspondence to Ankit Srivastava.

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Gerbig, D., Srivastava, A., Osovski, S. et al. Analysis and design of dual-phase steel microstructure for enhanced ductile fracture resistance. Int J Fract 209, 3–26 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10704-017-0235-x

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