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The long-term role of organic amendments in building soil nutrient fertility: a meta-analysis and review

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Abstract

An exhaustive meta-analysis of 132 long-term (≥ 10 years) studies worldwide was carried out to determine the effects of the use of organic amendments (OA) and OA + inorganic fertiliser (IF) on soil nutrient fertility. The responses of (1) crop yield [over the whole duration of the period (yieldm) and at the end of the experiment (yieldf)], (2) soil organic carbon (OC), (3) size of microbial biomass, and (4) Olsen phosphorus (P) to OA and OA + IF compared with IF only (standard control) and no fertilisation (nil control) were investigated. The overall effect of OA alone on yield was significant when compared with the nil control, but not when compared with the standard control. Only when OA and IF were added to soils that met specific conditions (low initial fertility, sandy texture, near-neutral pH values, under tropical climate) they rendered a significantly greater yieldf than the corresponding standard controls. The continuous application of manure caused greater relative and absolute gains in soil OC than straw + IF but did not produce significant greater yields while causing a considerable increase in Olsen P over time. The use of OA and OA + IF increased the resilience of agronomic systems over that of IF alone, as inferred from the smaller coefficient of variation of crop yield over time. We conclude that while the use of OA along with IF provides some additional benefits on yields as compared with IF application alone (especially under the above-mentioned conditions), the selection of the OA type and application rate should be carefully considered in order to maximise the nutrient use efficiency and minimise any undesirable effects to the environment.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to R. Albiach, D.K. Benbi, Z. Bin, G. Blanchet, G. Borgesson, S.L. Brown, E.H. Chang, F. Davide A. Fliessbach, S. Ghosh, N. Harada, K. Inubushi, T. Kätterer, J. Ladha, J. Magid, B. Marschner, S. Monaco, W. Qin, B. Ramakrishnan, Z. Ruifu, S. Sinaj, A.Takeda, E. Tatti, R. Tripathi, Z. Weijian, B. Zhang, R.F. Zhang, W.J. Zhang, who were contacted and kindly supplied any relevant missing information necessary for the meta-analysis. The authors are very grateful to K.J. van Groenigen for his sensible advice with Metawin and Prof. M. Hedley for the constructive discussions on soil nutrient fertility. The authors are also grateful to C. Kallembach who generously shared her MB dataset. M.L. Cayuela was supported by a Ramón y Cajal contract and acknowledges funding through the Project CTM2015–67200–R from the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. Y.S. Chen is grateful to the China Scholarship Council (CSC) for the financial support as visiting scholar at Massey University.

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  1. Institute of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand

    Yongshan Chen, Marta Camps-Arbestain & Qinhua Shen

  2. School of Resources and Environmental Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China

    Yongshan Chen

  3. Centre for Carbon, Water and Food, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia

    Balwant Singh

  4. Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain

    Maria Luz Cayuela

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  1. Yongshan Chen
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Chen, Y., Camps-Arbestain, M., Shen, Q. et al. The long-term role of organic amendments in building soil nutrient fertility: a meta-analysis and review. Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst 111, 103–125 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-017-9903-5

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