Abstract
Picea asperata is a dominant tree species in the southeast of the Tibetan Plateau of China. This paper studies the short-term effects of warming, enhanced UV-B (290–315 nm) and their combination on growth, photosynthesis and antioxidant defense system (AOS) of P. asperata seedlings. The experimental design included two levels of UV-B (ambient UV-B and enhanced by 30% UV-B) and two levels of temperature (ambient temperature and warmed temperature by 1.74°C). Although enhanced UV-B increased the efficiency of antioxidant defense system (AOS) including UV-B absorbing compounds, carotenoids, and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD), it induced over production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress eventually. Moreover, enhanced UV-B reduced growth, chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate (A). Warming did not significantly affect dry mass accumulation of P. asperata seedlings while it accelerated stem elongation and stimulated A. Furthermore, warming alleviated the harmful effects of enhanced UV-B on the growth and photosynthesis. It also increased the antioxidant capacities of seedlings exposed to enhanced UV-B. Our results showed that the growth of P. asperata seedlings was inhibited by a combination of enhanced UV-B and warming, however, to some extent warming alleviated UV-B effects.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- A :
-
Net photosynthetic rate
- AOS:
-
Antioxidant defense system
- APX:
-
Ascorbate peroxidase
- CAT:
-
Catalase
- C i :
-
Intercellular CO2 concentration
- g s :
-
Stomatal conductance to vapour
- H2O2 :
-
Hydrogen peroxide
- MDA:
-
Malondialdehyde
- NBT:
-
Nitroblue tetrazolium
- O2 − :
-
Superoxide anion radicals
- POD:
-
Peroxidase
- ROS:
-
Reactive oxygen species
- SOD:
-
Superoxide dismutase
- UV-B:
-
Ultraviolet-B
References
Agrawal SB, Rathore D (2007) Changes in oxidative stress defense system in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) cultivars grown with and without mineral nutrients and irradiated by supplemental ultraviolet-B. Environ Exp Bot 59:21–33. doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2005.09.009
Alexieva V, Sergiev I, Mapelli S, Karanov E (2001) The effect of drought and ultraviolet radiation on growth and stress markers in pea and wheat. Plant Cell Environ 24:1337–1344. doi:10.1046/j.1365-3040.2001.00778.x
Ballaré CL, Scopel AL, Stapleton AE, Yanovsky MJ (1996) Solar ultraviolet-B radiation affects seedling emergence, DNA integrity, plant morphology, growth rate, and attractiveness to Herbivore insects in Datura ferox. Plant Physiol 112:161–170
Becana M, Aparicio-Tejo P, Irigoyen JJ, Snchez-Daz M (1986) Some enzymes of hydrogen peroxide metabolism in leaves and root nodules of Medicago sativa. Plant Physiol 82:1169–1171. doi:10.1104/pp.82.4.1169
Bian JC, Wang GC, Chen HB, Qi D, Lü D, Zhou XJ (2006) Ozone mini-hole occurring over the Tibetan Plateau in December 2003. Chin Sci Bull 51(7):885–888. doi:10.1007/s11434-006-0885-y
Bradford MM (1976) A rapid and sensitive method for quantification of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem 72:248–254. doi:10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3
Caldwell MM (1971) Solar ultraviolet radiation and the growth and development of higher plants. In: Giese AC (ed) Phytophysiology. Academic Press, New York, pp 131–177
Caldwell MM, Teramura AH, Tevini M, Bornman JF, Bjoern LO, Kulandaivelu G (1995) Effects of increased solar ultraviolet radiation on terrestrial plants. Ambio 24:166–173
Casati P, Lara MW, Andreo CS (2001) Regulation of enzymes involved in C4 photosynthesis and the antioxidant metabolism by UV-B radiation in Egeria densa, a submersed aquatic species. Photosynth Res 71:251–264. doi:10.1023/A:1015543208552
Correia CM, Moutinho Pereira JM, Coutinho JF, Björn LO, Torres-Pereira JMG (2005) Ultraviolet-B radiation and nitrogen affect the photosynthesis of maize: a Mediterranean field study. Eur J Agron 22:337–347. doi:10.1016/j.eja.2004.05.002
Costa H, Gallego SM, Tomaro ML (2002) Effect of UV-B radiation on antioxidant defense system in sunflower cotyledons. Plant Sci 162:939–945. doi:10.1016/S0168-9452(02)00051-1
De La Rose TM, Aphalo PJ, Lehto T (2003) Effects of ultraviolet-B radiation on growth, mycorrhizas and mineral nutrition of silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) seedlings grown in low-nutrient conditions. Glob Change Biol 9:65–73. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00525.x
Dubé SL, Bornman JF (1992) Response of spruce seedlings to simultaneous exposure to ultraviolet-B radiation and cadmium. Plant Physiol Biochem 30:761–767
Farquhar GD, Sharkey TD (1982) Stomatal conductance and photosynthesis. Annu Rev Plant Physiol 33(1):317–345. doi:10.1146/annurev.pp.33.060182.001533
Girotti AW (1985) Mechanisms of lipid peroxidation. Free Radic Biol Med 1:87–95. doi:10.1016/0748-5514(85)90011-X
Heath RL, Packer L (1968) Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplasts. I. Kinetics and stoichiometry of fatty acid peroxidation. Arch Biochem Biophys 125:189–198. doi:10.1016/0003-9861(68)90654-1
Hideg E, Nagy T, Oberschall D, Dudits D, Vass I (2003) Detoxification function of aldose/aldehyde reductase during drought and ultraviolet-B (280–320 nm) stresses. Plant Cell Environ 26:513–522. doi:10.1046/j.1365-3040.2003.00982.x
Hollister RD, Webber PJ (2000) Biotic validation of small open-top chambers in a tundra ecosystem. Glob Change Biol 6:835–842. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00363.x
Hollister RD, Webber PJ, Tweedie CE (2005) The response of Alaskan arctic tundra to experimental warming: differences between short- and long-term responses. Glob Change Biol 11:525–536. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.00926.x
Hunt JE, McNeil DL (1998) Nitrogen status affects UV-B sensitivity of cucumber. Aust J Plant Physiol 25:79–86
IPCC (2001) Climate change 2001: the scientific basis—summary for policymakers. IPCC WGI third assessment report. Shanghai Draft, 21 January 2001
Ke DS, Wang AG, Sun GC, Dong LF (2002) The effect of active oxygen on the activity of ACC synthase induced by exogenous IAA. Acta Bot Sin 44:551–556 (in Chinese)
Kulandaivelu G, Maragatham S, Nedunchezhian N (1989) On the possible control of ultraviolet-B induced response in growth and photosynthetic activities in higher plants. Physiol Plant 76:398–404
Lewis JD, Lucash M, Olszyk D, Tingey DT (2001) Seasonal patterns of photosynthesis in Douglas fir seedlings during the third and fourth year of exposure to elevated carbon dioxide and temperature. Plant Cell Environ 24:539–548. doi:10.1046/j.1365-3040.2001.00700.x
Lichtenthaler HK (1987) Chlorophylls and carotenoids: pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes. Methods Enzymol 148:350–382. doi:10.1016/0076-6879(87)48036-1
Liu L, Gitz DCIII, Mcclure W (1995) Effects of UV-B on flavonoids, ferulic acid, growth and photosynthesis in barley primary leaves. Physiol Plant 93:725–733. doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1995.tb05123.x
Mackerness SAH, Jordan BR, Thomas B (1999) Reactive oxygen species in the regulation of photosynthetic genes by ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B: 280–320 nm) in green and etiolated buds of pea (Pisum sativum L.). J Photochem Photobiol B 48:180–188
Mark U, Tevini M (1997) Effects of solar ultraviolet-B radiation, temperature and CO2 on growth and physiology of sunflower and maize seedlings. Plant Ecol 128:225–234. doi:10.1023/A:1009798528605
Prochazkova D, Sairam RK, Srivastava GC, Singh DV (2001) Oxidative stress and antioxidant activity as the basis of senescence in maize leaves. Plant Sci 161:765–771. doi:10.1016/S0168-9452(01)00462-9
Ros J (1990) Zur Wirkung von UV-Strahlung auf das Streckungs-Wachstum von Sonnenblumenkeimlingen (Helianthus annuus L.). In: Tevini M (ed) Karlsruher Beitr, Entwicklungs-und Ökophysiol, pp 1–157
Santos I, Fidalgo F, Almeida JM, Salema R (2004) Biochemical and ultrastructural changes in leaves of potato plants grown under supplementary UV-B radiation. Plant Sci 167:925–935. doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2004.05.035
Saxe H, Cannell MGR, Johnsen Ø, Ryan MG, Vourlitis G (2001) Tree and forest functioning in response to global warming. New Phytol 149:369–400. doi:10.1046/j.1469-8137.2001.00057.x
Searles PS, Caldwell MM, Winter K (1995) The response of five tropical dicotyledon species to solar ultraviolet-B radiation. Am J Bot 82:445–453. doi:10.2307/2445690
Smith JL, David JB, Bannister P (2000) Shoot dry weight chlorophyll and UV-B-absorbing compounds as indicators of plant’s sensitivity to UV-B radiation. Ann Bot (Lond) 86:1057–1063. doi:10.1006/anbo.2000.1270
Strid A, Porra RJ (1992) Alterations in pigment content in leaves of Pisum sativum after exposure to supplementary UV-B. Plant Cell Physiol 33:1015–1023
Strid A, Chow WS, Anderson JM (1994) UV-B damage and protection at the molecular level in plants. Photosynth Res 39:475–489. doi:10.1007/BF00014600
Sullivan JH, Teramura AH (1992) The effects of ultraviolet-B radiation on loblolly pine. 2. Growth of field-grown seedlings. Trees (Berl) 6:115–120. doi:10.1007/BF00202426
Teramura AH, Ziska LH (1996) Ultraviolet-B radiation and photosynthesis. In: Baker NR (ed) Photosynthesis and the environment. Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands, pp 435–450
Yu J, Tang XX, Zhang PY, Tian JY, Cai HJ (2004) Effects of CO2 enrichment on photosynthesis, lipid peroxidation and activities of antioxidative enzymes of Platymonas subcordiformis subjected to UV-B radiation stress. Acta Bot Sin 46:682–690
Acknowledgments
During this work, the senior author was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.30530630), the Talent Plan of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and “Knowledge Innovation Engineering” of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Han, C., Liu, Q. & Yang, Y. Short-term effects of experimental warming and enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation on photosynthesis and antioxidant defense of Picea asperata seedlings. Plant Growth Regul 58, 153–162 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-009-9363-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-009-9363-2