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Integrated Modeling and its Potential for Resolving Conflicts between Conservation and People in the Rangelands of East Africa

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A major challenge for contemporary conservation policies and practices is formulating workable compromises between wildlife conservation and the people who live with wildlife. We strongly support the view that anthropology has a critical role to play in contributing to our understanding of human-environment interactions. The study of complex biophysical and human systems can be greatly assisted by appropriate simulation models that integrate what is known about ecological and human decision-making processes. We have developed an integrated modeling system for assessing scenarios in the Ngorongoro Conservation Area in northern Tanzania to modify the situation there to improve human welfare without compromising conservation value. We present the results of some scenarios that indicate that the current situation there is not sustainable, and that tough policy decisions need to be taken if household well-being of the pastoralists who live there is to be improved or even sustained.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This is an expanded version of a paper presented by KAG at the 2001 Annual Meeting of the American Anthropological Association, Washington, D.C., November 28–December 2, in the session “Beyond Rhetoric and Reproach: New Directions in Anthropology and Conservation.” Research support for this study was provided by the U.S. National Science Foundation (BNS-9100132 and SBR-9709762). Support for development and application of the PHEWS model was supported by the Office of Agriculture and Food Security, Global Bureau, United States Agency for International Development, under Grant No. PCE-G-98-00036-00. The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Agency for International Development. The authors are indebted to the anonymous reviewers for their useful comments.

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Galvin, K.A., Thornton, P., de Pinho, J.R. et al. Integrated Modeling and its Potential for Resolving Conflicts between Conservation and People in the Rangelands of East Africa. Hum Ecol 34, 155–183 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-006-9012-6

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