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Cryptanalysis of Controlled Quantum Secure Direct Communication and Authentication Protocol Based on Five-Particle Cluster State and Quantum One-Time Pad

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Abstract

A new attack strategy, the so-called intercept-selectively-measure-resend attack is put forward. It shows that there are some security issues in the controlled quantum secure direct communication (CQSDC) and authentication protocol based on five-particle cluster states and quantum one-time pad. Firstly, an eavesdropper (Eve) can use this attack to eavesdrop on 0.656 bit of every bit of the identity string of the receiver and 1.406 bits of every couple of the corresponding bits of the secret message without being detected. Also, she can eavesdrop on 0.311 bit of every bit of the identity string of the controller. Secondly, the receiver can also take this attack to obtain 1.311 bits of every couple of the corresponding bits of the secret message without the permission of the controller, which is not allowed in the CQSDC protocols. In fact, there is another security issue in this protocol, that is, one half of the information about the secret is leaked out unconsciously. In addition, an alternative attack strategy which is called as the selective-CNOT-operation attack strategy to attack this protocol is discussed.

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Acknowledgments

This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61502101 and 61170321), Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (Grant No. BK20140651), and Funded by PAPD and CICAEET.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China

    Zhihao Liu & Hanwu Chen

  2. Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Integration (Southeast University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 211189, China

    Zhihao Liu & Hanwu Chen

  3. Centre for Quantum Computation and Intelligent Systems, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia

    Zhihao Liu

  4. School of Computer and Software, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China

    Wenjie Liu

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  1. Zhihao Liu
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  2. Hanwu Chen
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  3. Wenjie Liu
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Correspondence to Zhihao Liu or Hanwu Chen.

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Liu, Z., Chen, H. & Liu, W. Cryptanalysis of Controlled Quantum Secure Direct Communication and Authentication Protocol Based on Five-Particle Cluster State and Quantum One-Time Pad. Int J Theor Phys 55, 4564–4576 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-016-3079-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-016-3079-7

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