Abstract
The effect of education on children with autism serves as a relative cure for their deficits. As a result of this, they require special techniques to gain their attention and interest in learning as compared to typical children. Several studies have shown that these children are visual learners. In this study, we proposed a Visual Hybrid Development Learning System (VHDLS) framework that is based on an instructional design model, multimedia cognitive learning theory, and learning style in order to guide software developers in developing learning systems for children with autism. The results from this study showed that the attention of children with autism increased more with the proposed VHDLS framework.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual-text revision (DSM-IV-TRim, 2000). Arlington: American Psychiatric Association.
Baranek, G. T. (2002). Efficacy of sensory and motor interventions for children with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 32(5), 397–422.
Barry, M., & Pitt, I. (2006). Interaction design: A multidimensional approach for learners with autism. In Paper presented at the proceedings of the 2006 conference on interaction design and children.
Bondy, A., & Frost, L. (2001). The picture exchange communication system. Behavior Modification, 25(5), 725–744. doi:10.1177/0145445501255004.
Cohen, I. L., Schmidt-Lackner, S., Romanczyk, R., & Sudhalter, V. (2003). The PDD Behavior Inventory: A rating scale for assessing response to intervention in children with pervasive developmental disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 33(1), 31–45.
Doyle, T., & Arnedillo-Sánchez, I. (2011). Using multimedia to reveal the hidden code of everyday behaviour to children with autistic spectrum disorders (ASDs). Computers and Education, 56(2), 357–369.
Druin, A. (1999). Cooperative inquiry: Developing new technologies for children with children. In Paper presented at the proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems: The CHI is the limit.
Fava, L., & Strauss, K. (2010). Multi-sensory rooms: Comparing effects of the Snoezelen and the Stimulus Preference environment on the behavior of adults with profound mental retardation. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 31(1), 160–171. doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2009.08.006.
Golan, O., Ashwin, E., Granader, Y., McClintock, S., Day, K., Leggett, V., & Baron-Cohen, S. (2010). Enhancing emotion recognition in children with autism spectrum conditions: An intervention using animated vehicles with real emotional faces. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40(3), 269–279.
Grandin, T. (2006). Thinking in pictures: And other reports from my life with autism. London: Bloomsbury Publishing.
Hegarty, M. (2004). Dynamic visualizations and learning: Getting to the difficult questions. Learning and Instruction, 14(3), 343–351.
Hulusic, V., & Pistoljevic, N. (2012). “LeFCA”: Learning framework for children with autism. Procedia Computer Science, 15, 4–16. doi:10.1016/j.procs.2012.10.052.
Konstantinidis, E. I., Luneski, A., Frantzidis, C. A., Costas, P., & Bamidis, P. D. (2009). A proposed framework of an interactive semi-virtual environment for enhanced education of children with autism spectrum disorders. In Paper presented at the computer-based medical systems, 2009. CBMS 2009. 22nd IEEE international symposium on.
Lavie, N. (2010). Attention, distraction, and cognitive control under load. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 19(3), 143–148.
McCoy, K., & Hermansen, E. (2007). Video modeling for individuals with autism: A review of model types and effects. Education and Treatment of Children, 30(4), 183–213.
Mitchell, P., Parsons, S., & Leonard, A. (2007). Using virtual environments for teaching social understanding to 6 adolescents with autistic spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37(3), 589–600.
Morrison, G. R., Ross, S. M., Kemp, J. E., & Kalman, H. (2010). Designing effective instruction. London: Wiley.
Putnam, C., & Chong, L. (2008). Software and technologies designed for people with autism: What do users want? In Paper presented at the proceedings of the 10th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on computers and accessibility, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Quill, K. A. (1997). Instructional considerations for young children with autism: The rationale for visually cued instruction. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 27(6), 697–714.
Rosset, D. B., Rondan, C., Da Fonseca, D., Santos, A., Assouline, B., & Deruelle, C. (2008). Typical emotion processing for cartoon but not for real faces in children with autistic spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38(5), 919–925.
Ruble, L. A., & McGrew, J. H. (2007). Community services outcomes for families and children with autism spectrum disorders. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 1(4), 360–372.
Tomchek, S. D., & Dunn, W. (2007). Sensory processing in children with and without autism: A comparative study using the short sensory profile. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 61(2), 190–200.
Wetherby, A. M., & Prizant, B. M. (2000). Autism spectrum disorders: A transactional developmental perspective (Vol. 9). Baltimore: Paul H Brookes Publishing Company.
Acknowledgments
This research was supported by a grant from the research and development centre, University of Malaya. Special thanks to the staff of Akademi Fakeh and Abu Dhabi Autism Centre for their support in the study. We are grateful to the teachers, parents, and caregivers of the participants for their support.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Banire, B., Jomhari, N. & Ahmad, R. Visual Hybrid Development Learning System (VHDLS) Framework for Children with Autism. J Autism Dev Disord 45, 3069–3084 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2469-7
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2469-7