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Carrageenans from nuclear phases of subantartic Mazzaella laminarioides (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) and graft copolymerization of alkali-modified carrageenan with acrylamide

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Abstract

Aqueous extraction of cystocarpic, tetrasporic, and vegetative individuals of Mazzaella laminariodes collected in the Magellan Ecoregion, Southern Chile, afforded sulfated galactans. Analysis by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy indicated that purified extracts from cystocarpic (CP) and vegetative individuals (VP) were mixtures of κ/ι-type carrageenans and their precursors μ- and ν-carrageenans, whereas the aqueous extract from tetrasporic individuals was a λ-type carrageenan. Alkaline treatment of CP and VP polysaccharides produced modified polysaccharides with lower content of sulfate groups and with a concomitant increase of 3,6-anhydrogalactose content; analysis by 2D 1H and 13C NMR indicated the presence of hybrid κ-ι-carrageenans. Copolymerization of alkali-treated CP carrageenan with acrylamide was achieved by using ceric ammonium nitrate as the initiator; studies by NMR spectroscopy indicated grafting of polyacrylamide at position C-6 of β-galactopyranosyl residues. Reaction of modified CP with acrylamide assisted by microwave irradiation in the presence of ammonium persulfate afforded a copolymer grafted at position C-2 of β-galactopyranosyl residues.

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Acknowledgments

The financial support of Dirección de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (DICYT) of Universidad de Santiago de Chile and FONDECYT Grant No. 1131062 is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. L. B. O’Higgins 3363, Santiago, Chile

    Franco Arias, Betty Matsuhiro, Rodrigo Torres & Mauricio Yáñez-Sánchez

  2. Departamento de Química de Los Materiales, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. L. B. O’Higgins 3363, Santiago, Chile

    Jorge Pavez

  3. Laboratorio de Macroalgas Antárticas y Subantárticas, Universidad de Magallanes, Av. Bulnes 1465, Punta Arenas, Chile

    Andrés Mansilla

  4. Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Santiago, Chile

    Andrés Mansilla

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  1. Franco Arias
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  3. Betty Matsuhiro
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Correspondence to Betty Matsuhiro.

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Arias, F., Mansilla, A., Matsuhiro, B. et al. Carrageenans from nuclear phases of subantartic Mazzaella laminarioides (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) and graft copolymerization of alkali-modified carrageenan with acrylamide. J Appl Phycol 28, 1275–1286 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-015-0641-2

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