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Fabrication of spherical CaO–SrO–ZnO–SiO2 particles by sol–gel processing

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Abstract

This study was concerned with the fabrication of ceramic CaO–SrO–ZnO–SiO2 spherical particles, which are novel candidates for the glass phase in glass polyalkenoate cements (GPCs). GPCs made from these glasses have potential as bone cements because, unlike conventional GPCs, they do not contain aluminum ions, which inhibit the calcification of hydroxyapatite in the body. The glass phase of GPCs require a controllable glass morphology and particle size distribution. Sol–gel processing can potentially be used to fabricate homogenous ceramic particles with controlled morphology. However, a thorough study on preparation conditions of spherical CaO–SrO–ZnO–SiO2 particles by sol–gel processing has, to date, not been reported. In this study, gels were prepared by hydrolysis and polycondensation of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in an aqueous solution containing polyethylene glycol and nitrates of calcium, strontium and zinc. It was possible to control the morphology and size of the gels by varying the H2O/TEOS molar ratio and the metal ion content in the starting compositions. An aliquot of 3–5 μm homogenous spherical particles were obtained at a H2O/TEOS molar ratio of 42.6 when the starting composition molar ratios were Sr(NO3):Ca(NO3)2:Zn(NO3)2:Si(OC2H5)4 = x:0.12:(0.40 − x):0.48 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.8). Starting composition limitations are caused by the low solubility of strontium ions in the minimal amount of water used and the acceleration of hydrolysis as well as polycondensation at higher water content.

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Acknowledgment

One of the authors (I.Y.K.) appreciates the support of the G-COE programme on Elucidation and Design of Materials and Molecular Functions, Nagoya University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan

    Ill Yong Kim, Mark R. Towler & Chikara Ohtsuki

  2. Clinical Materials Unit and Materials and Surface Science Institute, University of Limerick, National Technological Park, Limerick, Ireland

    Mark R. Towler & Anthony Wren

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  1. Ill Yong Kim
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  2. Mark R. Towler
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  4. Chikara Ohtsuki
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Correspondence to Ill Yong Kim.

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Kim, I.Y., Towler, M.R., Wren, A. et al. Fabrication of spherical CaO–SrO–ZnO–SiO2 particles by sol–gel processing. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 20, 2267–2273 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-009-3790-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-009-3790-5

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