Abstract
The aim of the present work is the study of the bacteriostatic/bactericidal effect of a silver-containing mesoporous bioactive glass obtained by evaporation-induced self-assembly and successive thermal stabilization. Samples of the manufactured mesophase were characterized by means of transmission electron microscopy and N2 adsorption/desorption at 77 K, revealing structural and textural properties similar to SBA-15 mesoporous silica. Glass samples used for bioactivity experiments were put in contact with a standardized, commercially available cell culture medium instead of lab-produced simulated body fluid, and were then characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. All these analyses confirmed the development of a hydroxyl carbonate apatite layer on glass particles. Moreover, the investigated mesostructure showed a very good antibacterial effect against S. aureus strain, with a strong evidence of bactericidal activity already registered at 0.5 mg/mL of glass concentration. A hypothesis about the mechanism by which Ag affects the bacterial viability, based on the intermediate formation of crystalline AgCl, was also taken into account. With respect to what already reported in the literature, these findings claim a deeper insight into the possible use of silver-containing bioactive glasses as multifunctional ceramic coatings for orthopedic devices.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ciesla U, Schüth F. Ordered mesoporous materials. Microporous Mesoporous Mater. 1999;27:131–49.
Santos HA, Salonen J, Bimbo LM, Lehto VP, Peltonen L, Hirvonen J. Mesoporous materials as controlled drug delivery formulations. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol. 2011;21:139–55.
Gargiulo N, De Santo I, Causa F, Caputo D, Netti PA. Confined mesoporous silica membranes for albumin zero-order release. Microporous Mesoporous Mater. 2013;167:71–5.
Vallet-Regí M, Ruiz-González L, Izquierdo-Barba I, González-Calbet JM. Revisiting silica based ordered mesoporous materials: medical applications. J Mater Chem. 2006;16:26–31.
Yan XX, Deng HX, Huang XH, Lu GQ, Qiao SZ, Zhao DY, Yu CZ. Mesoporous bioactive glasses. I. Synthesis and structural characterization. J Non Cryst Solids. 2005;351:3209–17.
Brinker CJ, Lu Y, Sellinger A, Fan H. Evaporation-induced self-assembly: nanostructures made easy. Adv Mater. 1999;11:579–85.
Yan X, Huang X, Yu C, Deng H, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Qiao S, Lu G, Zhao D. The in vitro bioactivity of mesoporous bioactive glasses. Biomaterials. 2006;27:3396–403.
Kokubo T, Kushitani H, Sakka S, Kitsugi T, Yamamuro T. Solutions able to reproduce in vivo surface-structure changes in bioactive glass-ceramic A-W. J Biomed Mater Res. 1990;24:721–34.
Cabal B, Malpartida F, Torrecillas R, Hoppe A, Boccaccini AR, Moya JS. The development of bioactive glass-ceramic substrates with biocide activity. Adv Eng Mater. 2011;13:B462–6.
El-Kady AM, Ali AF, Rizk RA, Ahmed MM. Synthesis, characterization and microbiological response of silver doped bioactive glass nanoparticles. Ceram Int. 2012;38:177–88.
Nezafati N, Moztarzadeh F, Hesaraki S, Mozafari M, Samadikuchaksaraei A, Hajibaki L, Gholipour M. Effect of silver concentration on bioactivity and antibacterial properties of SiO2–CaO–P2O5 sol–gel derived bioactive glass. Key Eng Mater. 2012;493–494:74–9.
Zimmerli W, Sendi P. Pathogenesis of implant-associated infection: the role of the host. Semin Immunopathol. 2011;33:295–306.
Campoccia D, Montanaro L, Speziale P, Arciola CR. Antibiotic-loaded biomaterials and the risks for the spread of antibiotic resistance following their prophylactic and therapeutic clinical use. Biomaterials. 2010;31:6363–77.
Knetsch MLW, Koole LH. New strategies in the development of antimicrobial coatings: the example of increasing usage of silver and silver nanoparticles. Polymers. 2011;3:340–66.
Hu G, Xiao L, Tong P, Bi D, Wang H, Ma H, Zhu G, Liu H. Antibacterial hemostatic dressings with nanoporous bioglass containing silver. Int J Nanomed. 2012;7:2613–20.
Wang X, Li X, Onuma K, Ito A, Sogo Y, Kosuge K, Oyane A. Mesoporous bioactive glass coatings on stainless steel for enhanced cell activity, cytoskeletal organization and AsMg immobilization. J Mater Chem. 2010;20:6437–45.
Bohner M, Lemaitre J. Can bioactivity be tested in vitro with SBF solution? Biomaterials. 2009;30:2175–9.
Mandel S, Tas AC. Brushite (CaHPO4···2H2O) to octacalcium phosphate (Ca8(HPO4)2(PO4)4···5H2O) transformation in DMEM solutions at 36.5 °C. Mater Sci Eng C. 2010;30:245–54.
Lee JTY, Leng Y, Chow KL, Ren F, Ge X, Wang K, Lu X. Cell culture medium as an alternative to conventional simulated body fluid. Acta Biomater. 2011;7:2615–22.
Zhao D, Huo Q, Feng J, Chmelka BF, Stucky GD. Nonionic triblock and star diblock copolymer and oligomeric surfactant syntheses of highly ordered, hydrothermally stable, mesoporous silica structures. J Am Chem Soc. 1998;120:6024–36.
Lowell S, Shields JE, Thomas MA, Thommes M. Characterization of porous solids and powders: surface area, pore size and density. 1st ed. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers; 2004.
Bellantone M, Coleman NJ, Hench LL. Bacteriostatic action of a novel four-component bioactive glass. J Biomed Mater Res. 2000;51:484–90.
Wei G, Yan X, Yi J, Zhao L, Zhou L, Wang Y, Yu C. Synthesis and in vitro bioactivity of mesoporous bioactive glasses with tunable macropores. Microporous Mesoporous Mater. 2011;143:157–65.
López-Noriega A, Arcos D, Vallet-Regí M. Functionalizing mesoporous bioglasses for long-term anti-osteoporotic drug delivery. Chem Eur J. 2010;16:10879–86.
López-Noriega A, Arcos D, Izquierdo-Barba I, Sakamoto Y, Terasaki O, Vallet-Regí M. Ordered mesoporous bioactive glasses for bone tissue regeneration. Chem Mater. 2006;18:3137–44.
Bellantone M, Williams HD, Hench LL. Broad-spectrum bactericidal activity of Ag2O-doped bioactive glass. Antimicrob Agent Chemother. 2002;46:1940–5.
Tuncer M, Seker E. Single step sol–gel made silver chloride on titania xerogels to inhibit E. coli bacteria growth: effect of preparation and chloride ion on bactericidal activity. J Sol–Gel Sci Technol. 2011;59:304–10.
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the help provided by Dr. Valentina Mollo (Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia) and Dr. Manlio Colella (Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale sui Biomateriali, Università Federico II) for the help provided in performing TEM investigations.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gargiulo, N., Cusano, A.M., Causa, F. et al. Silver-containing mesoporous bioactive glass with improved antibacterial properties. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 24, 2129–2135 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-013-4968-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-013-4968-4