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Journal of Nonverbal Behavior

Erschienen in:

01.12.2007 | Original Paper

Detecting Happiness: Perceiver Sensitivity to Enjoyment and Non-Enjoyment Smiles

verfasst von: Lynden Miles, Lucy Johnston

Erschienen in: Journal of Nonverbal Behavior | Ausgabe 4/2007

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Abstract

The physiognomic distinctions between spontaneous enjoyment smiles and deliberate non-enjoyment smiles provide the social perceiver with a functional, accessible source of information to help regulate social interaction. Two experiments were performed to investigate whether perceivers were sensitive to this information in a contextually meaningful manner. In Experiment 1, participants were asked to judge whether a target individual was happy or not. The results revealed that participants were indeed sensitive to the differences between enjoyment and non-enjoyment smiles. In Experiment 2, participants performed a priming task without any specific instruction to judge emotional state. Neutral expressions, non-enjoyment smiles and enjoyment smiles were employed as primes in a word valence identification task. The results demonstrated a clear trend indicative of perceiver sensitivity. When compared to a the baseline condition of a neutral expression prime, enjoyment but not non-enjoyment smiles facilitated identification of positive words.

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Of course, it is also functional for the social perceiver to be able to determine the contextual meaning of any smile; however the focus of the present research was on the global distinction between enjoyment and non-enjoyment smiles.

Sex differences with regard to either the target facial display (Experiments 1 and 2) or participants (Experiment 2) are not considered in the analyses of the present research as insufficient numbers were available to ensure adequate statistical power.

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Titel: Detecting Happiness: Perceiver Sensitivity to Enjoyment and Non-Enjoyment Smiles
verfasst von: Lynden Miles
Lucy Johnston
Publikationsdatum: 01.12.2007
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Journal of Nonverbal Behavior / Ausgabe 4/2007
Print ISSN: 0191-5886
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-3653
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10919-007-0036-4