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Who is left out: exploring social boundaries in entrepreneurial ecosystems

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Abstract

This study attempts to develop our understanding of the ecosystem as a complex social construct by advancing a social network perspective. Based on personal interviews we model the entrepreneurial ecosystems of two municipalities through a diverse network of entrepreneurs, investors, and institutional leaders. The two ecosystems were characterized and compared on measures related to the level of connectivity between actors, the existence of social boundaries, the role and position of actors with certain attributes (e.g. women, minorities) and the presence of ties in multiple social contexts (e.g. friend and investor). Our results suggest that entrepreneurial ecosystems consist of different social clusters, forming boundaries along venture type (e.g. high-growth, lifestyle), type of support institution (e.g. university, government agency), gender, race, and ethnicity. High-growth/technology entrepreneurs, for example, were predominantly white, male and strongly connected to technology commercialization and acceleration programs. In contrast, entrepreneurs operating survival ventures are mainly non-white, female and often socially disconnected from the main institutions. We also found differences with respect to network connectivity between stakeholders in both ecosystems. Based on our findings, we draw managerial implications for different stakeholders of the entrepreneurial ecosystem.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of North Carolina at Wilmington, 601 South College Road, Wilmington, NC, 28403-5664, USA

    Xaver Neumeyer

  2. Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, 08028, USA

    Susana C. Santos

  3. Warrington College of Business, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32606, USA

    Michael H. Morris

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  1. Xaver Neumeyer
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Correspondence to Xaver Neumeyer.

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Neumeyer, X., Santos, S.C. & Morris, M.H. Who is left out: exploring social boundaries in entrepreneurial ecosystems. J Technol Transf 44, 462–484 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-018-9694-0

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