Abstract
Sol–gel chemistry of SiO2(1 − x)TiO2(x) involving the partial pre-hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and subsequent reaction with titanium isopropoxide has been used to produce materials of high area and variable absorption edge in the UV-visible spectrum. As x increases so the total surface area of these phases unexpectedly passed through a maximum, but the UV-vis cut off moved to greater wavelength. On the other hand, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measured O1s binding energies and temperatures of maximum rates of reduction (Tmax) that were intermediate between those of pure SiO2 and TiO2. Both suggested that SiO2(1 − x)TiO2(x) samples were an intimate mixture of Si4 + and Ti4 + in the sol–gel matrix. Perfluoroalkylsilane (PFAS) was strongly adsorbed on this sol–gel coating making it strongly hydrophobic. This mode of modification was better than PFAS incorporation at the start of the sol–gel synthesis. Such sol–gel chemistry might in the future be optimised for water-repelling surfaces.
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Sermon, P.A., Leadley, J.G. Fluoroalkylsilane Modification of Sol–Gel SiO2-TiO2 Coatings. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 32, 293–296 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-004-5805-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-004-5805-5