Abstract
Pyrolysis kinetics analysis of extractives, holocellulose, and lignin in the solid redwood over the entire heating regime was possible by specialized cone calorimeter test and new mathematical analysis tools. Added hardware components include: modified sample holder for the thin specimen with tiny thermocouples, the methane ring burner with stainless-steel mesh above cone heater, and the water vapor sensor in heated gas sampling lines. Specialized numerical deconvolutions were applied to the oxygen and water vapor analyzer signals to synchronize with the rapid-responding CO/CO2 analyzer signals. From this data, the mass flow rates of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen within the wood volatiles as function of time were obtained, which allowed deducing the mass flow rate of significant molecules of wood volatiles that have their origins in the wood constituents of extractives, holocellulose, and lignin. Accurate analytical solution of pyrolysis kinetics of appropriate competitive reactions that continuously conserved carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen mass flow rates was obtained for piecewise exponentially-shaped, spatially uniform temperature within the specimen as implemented conveniently in MS Excel spreadsheet.
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Abbreviations
- \( A_{{}} \) :
-
Arrhenius pre-exponential term, s−1
- \( a_{\text{k}} \) :
-
Pre-exponential coefficient in Eq. 19, K
- \( b_{\text{k}} \) :
-
Exponential coefficient in Eq. 19, s−1
- \( \beta \) :
-
Combustion product mass to oxygen depletion mass ratio
- \( E_{{}} \) :
-
Activation energy, kJ kmol−1
- \( f \) :
-
Molar fraction for competitive processes
- \( h_{\text{c,st}} \) :
-
Heat of combustion (stoichiometric), kJ g−1
- \( {\text{HRR}} \) :
-
Heat release flux, kW m−2
- \( I \) :
-
Integral term defined in Eq. 18, s
- \( \dot{m}^{\prime\prime}_{{}} \) :
-
Mass flux, g s−1 m2
- \( R \) :
-
Gas constant, kJ kmol−1 K−1
- \( S_{i} (t_{j} ) \) :
-
Typical signal data for data processing in Eq. 2
- \( t \) :
-
Time, s
- \( \tau_{i} \) :
-
Time constant in Eq. 2, s
- \( T \) :
-
Temperature, K
- \( U \) :
-
Number of nitrogen atoms in fuel empirical formula
- \( V \) :
-
Number of sulfur atoms in fuel empirical formula
- \( W \) :
-
Number of hydrogen atoms in total hydrocarbons of combustion
- \( X \) :
-
Number of carbon atoms in fuel empirical formula
- \( Y \) :
-
Number of hydrogen atoms in fuel empirical formula
- \( Z \) :
-
Number of oxygen atoms in fuel empirical formula
- \( \dot{z} \) :
-
Molar mass rate, s−1
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Dietenberger, M. Pyrolysis kinetics and combustion of thin wood by an advanced cone calorimetry test method. J Therm Anal Calorim 109, 1215–1228 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-012-2474-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-012-2474-4