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Thermal degradation mechanism of highly filled nano-SiO2 and polybenzoxazine

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Abstract

Effects of high nano-SiO2 loading (up to 30 mass%) on polybenzoxazine (PBA-a) thermal degradation kinetics have been investigated using nonisothermal thermogravimetric analysis (TG). The DTG curves revealed three stages of thermal decomposition process in the neat PBA-a, while the first peak at low temperature was absent in its nanocomposites. As a consequence, the maximum degradation temperature of the nanocomposites shifted significantly to higher temperature as a function of the nano-SiO2 contents. Moreover, the degradation rate for every degradation stage was found to decrease with the increasing amount of the nano-SiO2. From the kinetics analysis, dependence of activation energy (E a) of the nanocomposites on conversion (α) suggests a complex reaction with the participation of at least two different mechanisms. From Coats–Redfern and integral master plot methods, the average E a and pre-exponential factor (A) of the nanocomposites showed systematically higher value than that of the PBA-a, likely from the shielding effect of the nanoparticles. The main degradation mechanism of the PBA-a was determined to be a random nucleation type with one nucleus on the individual particle (F1 model), while that of the PBA-a nanocomposite was the best described by diffusion-controlled reaction (D3 model).

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Acknowledgements

This research has been supported by the Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment Fund of Chulalongkorn University (RES560530007-AM), the Research, Development and Engineering (RD&E) Fund through National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand (Project P-12-00292), and from the Japan-East Asia Network of Exchange for students and Youth Program (JENESYS), 2011, Japan. Nano-SiO2 (Reolosil® QS-20) was kindly provided by Cobra International Co., Ltd. (Thailand).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Polymer Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand

    Isala Dueramae & Sarawut Rimdusit

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Srinakharinwirot University, Ongkharak, Bangkok, Nakhon Nayok, 26120, Thailand

    Chanchira Jubsilp

  3. Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-55 Hibarigaoka, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, 441-8580, Japan

    Tsutomu Takeichi

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  1. Isala Dueramae
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  2. Chanchira Jubsilp
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  3. Tsutomu Takeichi
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  4. Sarawut Rimdusit
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Correspondence to Sarawut Rimdusit.

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Dueramae, I., Jubsilp, C., Takeichi, T. et al. Thermal degradation mechanism of highly filled nano-SiO2 and polybenzoxazine. J Therm Anal Calorim 116, 435–446 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-013-3542-0

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