Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Preparation and flame retardancy of reactive flame retardant for cotton fabric

  • Published:
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Monochlorotriazine aminopropyl silanol phosphate (MCASP) was synthesized as a novel flame retardant agent for cotton fabric. It was characterized by FTIR, 1H, 13C and 31P NMR. The flame retardancy of the cotton fabric treated with MCASP was characterized by limiting oxygen index (LOI), and the vertical burning test. The cotton fabric treated with 300 g L−1 MCASP obtained the best flame retardancy with a LOI value of 31.0%, and the char length decreased to 4.5 cm. Combustion behaviors of treated cotton fabric were tested by cone calorimeter. The ignition time increased, and the values of total heat release, heat release rate, mass loss decreased. The surface morphology of the residues and the thermal stability of cotton fabric were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. The chemical structure of residue of treated cotton fabric was studied by FTIR. The results showed that MCASP played a protective role on the degradation of cotton fabric, hindered the formation of volatile species and favored the formation of char. What is more, the strength and durability of treated fabric were studied by tear force test and washing durability test, respectively.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Mostashari SM, Mostashari SZ. Combustion pathway of cotton fabrics treated by ammonium sulfate as a flame-retardant studied by TG. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2008;91:437–41.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Zhou L, Liang Z, Li R, et al. Flame-retardant treatment of cotton fabric with organophosphorus derivative containing nitrogen and silicon. J Therm Anal Calorim 2016;128(2):1–8.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Weil ED, Levchik SV. Flame retardants in commercial use or advanced development in polyurethanes-flame retardants. J Fire Sci. 2008;26(1):197–225.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Martin C, Hunt BJ, Ebdon JR, Ronda JC, Cadiz V. Synthesis, crosslinking and flame retardance of polymers of boron-containing difunctional styrenic monomers. React Funct Polym. 2006;66(10):1047–54.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. El-Shafei A, Elshemy M, Abou-Okeil A. Eco-friendly finishing agent for cotton fabrics to improve flame retardant and antibacterial properties. Carbohyd Polym. 2015;118:83–90.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Kappes RS, Urbainczyk T, Artz U, et al. Flame retardants based on amino silanes and phenylphosphonic acid. Polym Degrad Stab. 2016;129:168–79.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Vasiljević J, Hadžić S, Jerman I, et al. Study of flame-retardant finishing of cellulose fibres: organic–inorganic hybrid versus conventional organophosphonate. Polym Degrad Stab. 2013;98(12):2602–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Alongi J, Colleoni C, Rosace G, Malucelli G. Thermal and fire stability of cotton fabrics coated with hybrid phosphorus-doped silica films. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2012;110:1207–16.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Chen YZ, Peng HQ, Li JH, Xia ZX, Tan H. A novel flame retardant containing phosphorus, nitrogen, and sulfur: synthesis and application in thermoplastic polyurethane. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2014;115:1639–49.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Zhao P, Liu S, Xiong K, et al. Highly flame retardancy of cotton fabrics with a novel phosphorus/nitrogen/silicon flame-retardant treating system. Fiber Polym. 2016;17(4):569–75.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Deh S, Gähr F, Buchmeiser MR. Synergistic effects in the pyrolysis of phosphorus-based flame-retardants: the role of Si- and N-based compounds. Polym Degrad Stab. 2016;130:155–64.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Zhou T, He X, Guo C, et al. Synthesis of a novel flame retardant phosphorus/nitrogen/siloxane and its application on cotton fabrics. Text Res J. 2015;85(7):701–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Przybylak M, Maciejewski H, Dutkiewicz A, et al. Multifunctional, strongly hydrophobic and flame-retarded cotton fabrics modified with flame retardant agents and silicon compounds. Polym Degrad Stab. 2016;128:55–64.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Wang S, Sui X, Li Y, et al. Durable flame retardant finishing of cotton fabrics with organosilicon functionalized cyclotriphosphazene. Polym Degrad Stab. 2016;128:22–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Ballesterosgómez A, De BJ, Leonards PE. A novel brominated triazine-based flame retardant (TTBP-TAZ) in plastic consumer products and indoor dust. Environ Sci Technol. 2014;48(8):4468–74.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Yang K, Xu MJ, Li B. Synthesis of N-ethyl triazine-piperazine copolymer and flame retardancy and water resistance of intumescent flame retardant polypropylene. Polym Degrad Stab. 2013;98(7):1397–406.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Yang Z, Wang X, Lei D, et al. A durable flame retardant for cellulosic fabrics. Polym Degrad Stab. 2012;97(11):2467–72.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Yang CQ, He Q, Lyon RE, et al. Investigation of the flammability of different textile fabrics using micro-scale combustion calorimetry. Polym Degrad Stab. 2010;95(2):108–15.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Nguyen TD, Chang SC, Condon B, et al. Development of an environmentally friendly halogen-free phosphorus-nitrogen bond flame retardant for cotton fabrics. Polym Adv Technol. 2012;23(12):1555–63.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Edwards B, Rudolf S, Hauser P, et al. Preparation, polymerization, and performance evaluation of halogen-free radiation curable flame retardant monomers for cotton substrates. Ind Eng Chem Res. 2015;54(2):150109100032004.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Li Z, Song T, Liu J, et al. Thermal and combustion behavior of phosphorus-nitrogen and phosphorus-silicon retarded epoxy. Iran Polym J. 2017;26:21–30.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Nazare S, Kandola B, Horrocks AR. Smoke, CO and CO2 measurements and evaluation using different fire testing techniques for flame retardant unsaturated polyester resin formulations. J Fire Sci. 2008;26:215–42.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Liu Y, Zhao JC, Zhang CJ, et al. Effect of manganese and cobalt ions on flame retardancy and thermal degradation of bio-based alginate films. J Mater Sci. 2016;51(2):1052–65.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Xu M, Zhao W, Li B. Synthesis of a novel curing agent containing organophosphorus and its application in flame-retarded epoxy resins. J Appl Polym Sci. 2015;131(23):e51793.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Tsafack MJ, Levalois-Grutzmacher J. Flame retardancy of cotton textiles by plasma-induced graft-polymerization (PIGP). Surf Coat Technol. 2006;201:2599–610.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Alongi J, Ciobanu M, Carosio F, Tata J, Malucelli G. Thermal stability and flame retardancy of polyester, cotton and relative blend textile fabrics treated by sol-gel process. J Appl Polym Sci. 2011;119:1961–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry (Grant no. 48).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Textile and Clothing, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, Growing Base for State Key Laboratory of New Fiber Materials and Modern Textile, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, People’s Republic of China

    Pengshuang He, Xiaoyan Chen, Ping Zhu, Jian Liu, Guodong Fan, Shuying Sui, Zhou Lu & Chaohong Dong

Authors
  1. Pengshuang He
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Xiaoyan Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ping Zhu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Jian Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Guodong Fan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Shuying Sui
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Zhou Lu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Chaohong Dong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Zhou Lu or Chaohong Dong.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

He, P., Chen, X., Zhu, P. et al. Preparation and flame retardancy of reactive flame retardant for cotton fabric. J Therm Anal Calorim 132, 1771–1781 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-018-7057-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-018-7057-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation