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Vulnerability of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czernj. Cosson) to climate variability and future adaptation strategies

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Abstract

A simulation study has been carried out using the InfoCrop mustard model to assess the impact of climate change and adaptation gains and to delineate the vulnerable regions for mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czernj. Cosson) production in India. On an all India basis, climate change is projected to reduce mustard grain yield by ∼2 % in 2020 (2010–2039), ∼7.9 % in 2050 (2040–2069) and ∼15 % in 2080 (2070–2099) climate scenarios of MIROC3.2.HI (a global climate model) and Providing Regional Climates for Impact Studies (PRECIS, a regional climate model) models, if no adaptation is followed. However, spatiotemporal variations exist for the magnitude of impacts. Yield is projected to reduce in regions with current mean seasonal temperature regimes above 25/10 °C during crop growth. Adapting to climate change through a combination of improved input efficiency, additional fertilizers and adjusting the sowing time of current varieties can increase yield by ∼17 %. With improved varieties, yield can be enhanced by ∼25 % in 2020 climate scenario. But, projected benefits may reduce thereafter. Development of short-duration varieties and improved crop husbandry becomes essential for sustaining mustard yield in future climates. As climatically suitable period for mustard cultivation may reduce in future, short-duration (<130 days) cultivars with 63 % pod filling period will become more adaptable. There is a need to look beyond the suggested adaptation strategy to minimize the yield reduction in net vulnerable regions.

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Acknowledgment

We are grateful to the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune, for providing the RCM and GCM scenarios and to the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, for funding the Network Project on Climate Change (NPCC) ‘Impact, adaptation and vulnerability of Indian agriculture to climate change’. Part of the work is also carried out under the ‘National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture’ project.

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Author notes

  1. Pramod Kumar Aggarwal

    Present address: CGIAR Programme on Climate Change and Food Security, South-Asia Programme, IWMI, New Delhi, India

  2. Nitin Chauhan

    Present address: Department of Remote Sensing, Banasthali University, Rajasthan, India

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Environmental Sciences and Climate Resilient Agriculture, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, NRL Building, New Delhi, 110012, India

    Soora Naresh Kumar, Pramod Kumar Aggarwal, Kumar Uttam, Jain Surabhi, D. N. Swaroopa Rani, Nitin Chauhan & Rani Saxena

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Correspondence to Soora Naresh Kumar.

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Naresh Kumar, S., Aggarwal, P.K., Uttam, K. et al. Vulnerability of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czernj. Cosson) to climate variability and future adaptation strategies. Mitig Adapt Strateg Glob Change 21, 403–420 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-014-9606-z

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