Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

An adaptive watermarking scheme for e-government document images

  • Published:
Multimedia Tools and Applications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper proposes an adaptive watermarking scheme for e-government document images. The adaptive scheme combines the discrete cosine transform (DCT) and the singular value decomposition (SVD) using luminance masking. As a core of masking model in the human visual system (HVS), luminance masking is implemented to improve noise sensitivity. Genetic algorithm (GA), subsequently, is employed for the optimization of the scaling factor of the masking. Involving a number of steps, the scheme proposed through this study begins by calculating the mask of the host image using luminance masking. It is then continued by transforming the mask on each area into all frequencies domain. The watermark image, following this, is embedded by modifying the singular values of DCT-transformed host image with singular values of mask coefficient of host image and the control parameter of DCT-transformed watermark image using Genetic Algorithm (GA). The use of both the singular values and the control parameter respectively, in this case, is not only to improve the sensitivity of the watermark performance but also to avoid the false positive problem. The watermark image, afterwards, is extracted from the distorted images. The experiment results show the improved adaptive performance of the proposed scheme is in resistant to several types of attacks in comparison with the previous schemes; the adaptive performance refers to the adaptive parameter of the luminance masking functioned to improve the performance or robustness of an image from any attacks.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Amiri MD, Danyali H, Zahir-Azami B (2010) An adaptive robust and multiresolution image watermarking for progressive wavelet image coding, 6th International Conference on Wireless Communications Networking and Mobile Computing (WiCOM). pp 1

  2. Aslantas V (2007) An SVD based digital image watermarking using genetic algorithm. Int J Electron Commun: 1–4

  3. Bao P, Ma X (2005) Image adaptive watermarking using wavelet domain singular value decomposition. IEEE Trans Circuits Syst Video Technol 15(1):96–102

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Barni M, Bartolini F, Piva A (2001) Improved wavelet-based watermarking through pixel-wise masking. IEEE Trans Image Process 10(5):783–791

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. Belkacem S, Dibi Z, Bouridane A (2007) A masking model of HVS for image watermaking in the DCT domain. IEEE Int Conf Electron, Circ Syst: 330

  6. Benhocine A, Laouamer L, Nana L, Pascu AC (2013) New images watermarking scheme based on singular value decomposition. J Inf Hiding Multimedia Signal Process 4(1):9–18

    Google Scholar 

  7. Carballeira P (2012) Analysis of pixel-mapping rounding on geometric distortion as a prediction for view synthesis distortion, Proceeding of 3DTV-Conference: the true vision - capture, transmission and display of 3D video (3DTV-CON) 2012, pp 1–4

  8. Coello Coello CA, Toscano Pulido G (2001) A micro-genetic algorithm for multi objective optimization. Proc Genet Evolut Comput Conf

  9. Cui L, Li W (2011) Adaptive multiwavelet-based watermarking through JPW masking. IEEE Trans Image Process 20(4):1047–1060

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  10. Genetic Algorithms http://www.cs.ucc.ie/~dgb/courses/tai/notes/handout12.pdf

  11. Hamed M, Hossein Khosravi R, Mohammad R, Akbarzadeh T (2010) A new adjustable blind watermarking based on GA and SVD, Proceeding of International Conference on Innovations in Information Technology (IIT), pp 6–10

  12. He X, Chang S (2011) An adaptive image watermarking algorithm based on neural network. Int Conf Intell Comput Technol Autom 2:408

    Google Scholar 

  13. Himanshu H, Rawat S, Raman B, Bhatnagar G (2011) DCT and SVD based new watermarking scheme, 3rd International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Technology (ICETET), pp 146–151

  14. Hoi-Yu Tong H (1997) A perceptually adaptive JPEG coder, master thesis, University of Toronto

  15. Huang HC, Chen YH (2009) Genetic fingerprinting for copyright protection of multicast media. Soft Comput 13(4):383–391

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Huang HC, Chu CM, Pan JS (2009) The optimized copyright protection system with genetic watermarking. Soft Comput 13(4):333–343

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Huang C-H, Wu J-L (2000) A watermark optimization technique based on genetic algorithms. Proc SPIE 3971

  18. Kang X, Huang J, Zeng W (2008) Improving robustness of quantization-based image watermarking via adaptive receiver. IEEE Trans Multimedia 10(6):953–959

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Kumar Sharma D, Kumar Pathak V, Sahu GP (2007) Digital watermarking for secure e-government framework Computer Society India, pp 182–191

  20. Kuo S-s, Johnston JD (2002) Spatial noise shaping based on human visual sensitivity and its application to image coding. IEEE Trans Image Process 11(5):509–517

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Lai CC, Huang HC, Tsai CC (2009) A digital watermarking scheme based on singular value decomposition and micro-genetic algorithm. Int J Innov Comput Inf Control 5(7):1867–1873

    Google Scholar 

  22. Li Q, Yuan C, Zhong Y-Z (2007) Adaptive DWT-SVD domain image watermarking using human visual model. Int Conf Adv Commun Technol 3:1947

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Lim SB (2010) Human visual system, http://www.siongboon.com/projects/2010-08-22/electronicballast/HumanVisualSystem.pdf

  24. Ma X, Shen X (2008) A novel blind grayscale watermark algorithm based on SVD, Proceeding of International Conference on Audio, Language and Image Processing (ICALIP), shanghai, pp 1063–1068

  25. Mairgiotis AK, Galatsanos NP (2008) New additive watermark detectors based on a hierarchical spatially adaptive image model. IEEE Trans Inf For Sec 3(1):29–37

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Naiss I (2013) Computable bounds for rate distortion with feed forward for stationary and ergodic sources. IEEE Trans Inf Theory 59(2):760–781

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  27. Pappas TN, Safranek RJ, Chen J (2005) Perceptual criteria for image quality evaluation. In: Bovik AC (ed) Hand book of image and video processing, 2nd edn. Academic Press, San Diego, United States of America

  28. Rosiyadi D, Horng S-J, Fan P, Wang X, Khan MK, Pan Y (2012) An efficient copyright protection scheme for e-government document images. IEEE Multimedia 19(3):62–73

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Si H, Li C-T Maintaining information security in e-government through steganology, Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK

  30. Sing K (2011) edge detector, http://yumnamkirani.hpage.us/edge_detection_74376639.html

  31. Verma A, Tapaswi S (2009) A novel reversible visible watermarking technique for images using Noise Sensitive Region Based Watermark Embedding (NSRBWE) approach, IEEE EUROCON ‘09, pp 1374

  32. Voloshynovskiy S, Pereira S, Pun T, Eggers JJ, Su JK (2001) Attacks on digital watermarks: classification, estimation based attacks, and benchmarks. IEEE Commun Mag 39(8):118–126

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Wang J (2008) Design of e-government security system based on information security model. Inf Manag, Innov Manag Ind Eng 2: 359–362, ISBN: 978-0-7695-3435-0, 19–21

  34. White GB, Jones S (2007) Minitrack E-government information security, system sciences, 2007. HICSS 2007. 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on, E-ISBN: 0-7695-2755-8, pp 97–97

  35. Xue S, Teng X (2007) Adaptive blind watermarking based on improved noise sensitivity. Fourth Int Conf Fuzzy Syst Knowl Discov 4:731–734

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Yan Y, Wei C, Li S (2009) Block-based adaptive image watermarking scheme using just noticeable difference. IEEE Int Work Imaging Syst Tech: 377–380

  37. Zhang X, Han G, Zou K, Li W, Li B (2007) An effective mechanism based on watermark for e-government information security. Int Conf Converg Inf Technol- IEEE:580–585

    Google Scholar 

  38. Zhao F, Liu G, Ren F (2009) Adaptive blind watermarking for JPEG2000 compression domain, 2nd International Congress on Image and Signal Processing, pp 1

  39. Zhu S-m, Liu J-m (2008) Adaptive watermarking scheme in hybrid DWT-DCT transform based on human visual system. Int Symp Knowl Acquis Model: 668

Download references

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science & Technology for giving the permission to commence this thesis in the first instance, to do the necessary research work and to use departmental data.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Mobile Communications, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031, Chengdu, China

    Shi-Jinn Horng, Pingzhi Fan & Xian Wang

  2. Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan

    Shi-Jinn Horng & Didi Rosiyadi

  3. Center of Excellence in Information Assurance, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Muhammad Khurram Khan

  4. Research Center for Informatics, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Jakarta, Indonesia

    Didi Rosiyadi

  5. 43, Sec. 4, Kee-Lung Rd., Taipei, Taiwan 106, Republic of China

    Shi-Jinn Horng

Authors
  1. Shi-Jinn Horng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Didi Rosiyadi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Pingzhi Fan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Xian Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Muhammad Khurram Khan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shi-Jinn Horng.

Additional information

This work was supported in part by the National Science Council under contract number NSC-99-2916-I-011-002-A1, and it was also partially supported by the 111 Project under the grant No. 111-2-14 and One Hundred Person Project 2012, Sichuan Province.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Horng, SJ., Rosiyadi, D., Fan, P. et al. An adaptive watermarking scheme for e-government document images. Multimed Tools Appl 72, 3085–3103 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-013-1579-5

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-013-1579-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation