A coupled 1D–2D hydrodynamic model for flood simulation in flood detention basin

Abstract

A coupled 1D–2D hydrodynamic model linking the channel and flood detention basin for flood simulation with complex topography and irregular boundary was presented in this paper. The 1D Saint-Venant equations were used for governing flows in channel, and the four-point implicit Preissmann scheme was used for discretization. To simulate floods in flood detention basin, the 2D shallow equations were adopted as governing equations, and a well-balanced, unstructured finite-volume method was proposed for the numerical resolution. The 2D model is based on a new formulation of the classical shallow water equations in hyperbolic conservation form. The numerical fluxes are computed by HLLC algorithm, and the MUSCL–Hancock predictor–corrector scheme is used to achieve high-accuracy and high-resolution results. A simple and efficient method was proposed to reflect the coupled hydraulic connection between the channel and the flood detention basin. The novelties of the proposed model include (1) a robust method for wetting/drying treatment and (2) an efficient way to link the 1D and 2D models. The 1D, 2D, and coupled models are all tested through some benchmark cases, and numerical results validated the accuracy of the models. Furthermore, the coupled 1D–2D model was used for a real flood simulation in Jiakouwa flood detention basin, China. The flood-risk information including flood arrival time and maximal water depth was mapped using GIS. Those flood-risk maps can be used as an important decision-making basis of flood control and rescue for the flood control departments at all levels.