Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Sensitization of Mn with CdS nanoparticles via electrochemical deposition technique for photocurrent enhancement of nanomaterial’s-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells

  • Published:
Research on Chemical Intermediates Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A photoconversion efficiency of 2.12% was obtained under visible light illumination by nanostructure-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells using Mn/CdS as sensitizer loaded on TiO2 nanotube arrays (NTAs) (Mn/CdS/TiO2). Sensitization of Mn on CdS nanoparticles pre-loaded on TiO2 NTAs was carried out by a two-step electrodeposition method. Compared with unsensitized TiO2 NTAs, the photocurrent had increased from 0.03 to 4.12 for Mn/CdS/TiO2 prepared at 1 min. The effects of deposited Mn on the physical, chemical, and photoelectrochemical properties of the CdS/TiO2 NTAs nanostructure were investigated by using UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The photoelectrochemical analysis was examined in a three-electrode system under a halogen illumination by using the prepared film as the photo-anode.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Y.G.U.N. Shul, H.J. Kim, S.J.O.O. Haam, H.A.K.S.O. Han, Res. Chem. Intermed. 29, 849 (2003)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. U. Diebold, Surf. Sci. Rep. 48, 53 (2003)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. F. Fabregat-Santiago, H. Randriamahazaka, A. Zaban, J. Garcia-Cañadas, G. Garcia-Belmonte, J. Bisquert, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 8, 1827 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. B. O’Regan, M. Grätzel, Nature 353, 737 (1991)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. C. Garzella, E. Comini, E. Tempesti, C. Frigeri, G. Sberveglieri, Sens. Actuators B Chem. 68, 189 (2000)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. L. Forro, O. Chauvet, D. Emin, L. Zuppiroli, H. Berger, F. Lévy, J. Appl. Phys. 75, 633 (1994)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. J. Jaćimović, C. Vaju, A. Magrez, H. Berger, L. Forró, R. Gaál, V. Cerovski, R. Žikić, EPL Europhys. Lett. 99, 57005 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. N. Tétreault, E. Horváth, T. Moehl, J. Brillet, R. Smajda, S. Bungener, N. Cai, P. Wang, S.M. Zakeeruddin, L. Forró, A. Magrez, M. Grätzel, ACS Nano 4, 7644 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. P. Roy, S. Berger, P. Schmuki, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 50, 2904 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. J.-H. Yun, R.J. Wong, Y.H. Ng, A. Du, R. Amal, RSC Adv. 2, 8164 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. J.M. Macak, H. Tsuchiya, A. Ghicov, K. Yasuda, R. Hahn, S. Bauer, P. Schmuki, Curr. Opin. Solid State Mater. Sci. 11, 3 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. X. Chen, S.S. Mao, Chem. Rev. 107, 2891 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. J.M. Coronado, F. Fresno, M.D. Hernández-Alonso, R. Portela, Design of Advanced Photocatalytic Materials for Energy and Environmental Applications (Springer, London, 2013), pp. 1–348

    Google Scholar 

  14. D.C. Hurum, A.G. Agrios, K.A. Gray, T. Rajh, M.C. Thurnauer, J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 4545 (2003)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. D.A. Wheeler, Y. Ling, R.J. Dillon, R.C. Fitzmorris, C.G. Dudzik, L. Zavodivker, T. Rajh, N.M. Dimitrijevic, G. Millhauser, C. Bardeen, Y. Li, J.Z. Zhang, J. Phys. Chem. C 117, 26821 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. D.R. Baker, P.V. Kamat, Adv. Funct. Mater. 19, 805 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. C. Chen, Y. Xie, G. Ali, S.H. Yoo, S.O. Cho, Nanoscale Res. Lett. 6, 462 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. J. Hensel, G. Wang, Y. Li, J.Z. Zhang, Nano Lett. 10, 478 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. A. Kongkanand, K. Tvrdy, K. Takechi, M. Kuno, P.V. Kamat, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130, 4007 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. M. Grätzel, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A Chem. 164, 3 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. M. Law, L.E. Greene, J.C. Johnson, R. Saykally, P.D. Yang, Nat. Mater. 4, 455 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. J.M. Macák, H. Tsuchiya, A. Ghicov, P. Schmuki, Electrochem. Commun. 7, 1133 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. K. Zhu, N.R. Neale, A. Miedaner, A.J. Frank, Nano Lett. 7, 69 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. T. Hathway, E.M. Rockafellow, Y.C. Oh, W.S. Jenks, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A Chem. 207, 197 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. W.K. Zhang, L. Wang, H. Huang, Y.P. Gan, C.T. Wang, X.Y. Tao, Electrochim. Acta 54, 4760 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Z. Yao, F. Jia, S. Tian, C. Li, Z. Jiang, X. Bai, A.C.S. Appl, Mater. Interfaces 2, 2617 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Q. Liu, D. Ding, C. Ning, X. Wang, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy 40, 2107 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. H. Zhao, Y. Chen, X. Quan, X. Ruan, Chin. Sci. Bull. 52, 1456 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. M. Anpo, Pure Appl. Chem. 72, 1787 (2000)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. H. Yamashita, M. Harada, J. Misaka, M. Takeuchi, K. Ikeue, M. Anpo, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A Chem. 148, 257 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. R.C. Fitzmorris, G. Larsen, D.A. Wheeler, Y. Zhao, J.Z. Zhang, Phys. Chem. C 116, 5033 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. X. Hu, G. Li, J.C. Yu, Langmuir 26, 3031 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. A. Kongkanand, K. Tvrdy, K. Takechi, M. Kuno, P.V. Kamat, Am. Chem. Soc. 130, 4007 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. F.E. Osterloh, Chem. Soc. Rev. 42, 2294 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. A.K. Ayal, Z. Zainal, H.-N. Lim, Z.A. Talib, Y.-C. Lim, S.-K. Chang, A.M. Holi, Opt. Quantum Electron. 49, 164 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. A.K. Ayal, Baghdad Sci. J. 15, 57 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. C. Zhang, S. Liu, X. Liu, F. Deng, Y. Xiong, F. Tsai, R. Soc. Chem. 5, 171712 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  38. G.C. Fan, H. Zhu, D. Du, J.R. Zhang, J.J. Zhu, Y. Lin, Anal. Chem. 88, 3392 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. S. Rajesh, J. Electron. Devices 17, 1417 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  40. L.Y. Chin, Z. Zainal, M.Z. Hussein, T.W. Tee, Malays. J. Anal. Sci. 20, 121 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. A. Ikram, S. Sahai, S. Rai, S. Dass, R. Shrivastav, V.R. Satsangi, J. Power Sources 267, 664 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Special thanks are extended to Department of Chemistry and Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, and the Microscopy Unit, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, College of Science for Women, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq

    Asmaa Kadim Ayal & Ahlam Mohammed Farhan

  2. School of Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

    Ying-Chin Lim

Authors
  1. Asmaa Kadim Ayal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ying-Chin Lim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ahlam Mohammed Farhan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Asmaa Kadim Ayal.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ayal, A.K., Lim, YC. & Farhan, A.M. Sensitization of Mn with CdS nanoparticles via electrochemical deposition technique for photocurrent enhancement of nanomaterial’s-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells. Res Chem Intermed 44, 7231–7240 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-018-3553-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-018-3553-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation