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Erschienen in: Social Indicators Research 3/2008

01.05.2008

The Non-Economic Quality of Life on a Sub-National Level in South Africa

verfasst von: Stephanié Rossouw, Wim Naudé

Erschienen in: Social Indicators Research | Ausgabe 3/2008

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Abstract

Most research on the non-economic quality of life have been (a) on a national level or performed on cross-country comparisons, and/or (b) used subjective indicators to measure how people perceive their non-economic quality of life. In this paper, our main contribution is to construct objective indicators of the non-economic quality of life for 354 sub-national magisterial districts in South Africa. We also compare changes in these indicators over time, and consider methodological issues in the construction of objective indicators of non-economic quality of life. We find that although income does matter for the overall quality of life, non-income components of the quality of life can make an important difference. We find a number of places with low incomes that have been able to achieve higher than expected outcomes in terms of the non-economic quality of life, and that some of the relative income poor areas have improved their non-economic ranking between 1996 and 2004. We also find that the geographical/environmental quality of life in South Africa is better in non-urban areas, where fewer of the country’s population is residing. Significant improvements in the overall quality of life may be achieved through improvements in the urban natural environment.

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Fußnoten
1
For present purposes the terms quality of life, well-being and standard of living will be taken to be synonymous following Veenhoven (2004, p. 6).
 
2
Research on the incidence of poverty on sub-national level in South Africa, particularly on a municipal level has been relatively neglected. Most analyses only tend to go down to the provincial level or make an urban-rural distinction (e.g. Woolard 2002). An exception is Alderman et al. (2000) who constructed poverty maps for South Africa using 1996 Census and Household Survey data. More recently the HSRC in South Africa has also estimated poverty rates for all municipalities. The poorest municipalities are in the Eastern Cape Province, in particular Ntabankulu, Elliotdale and Willowvale (Schwabe 2004).
 
3
In certifying the 1996 Constitution the Constitutional court acknowledged that socio-economic rights are in fact enforceable even if they give rise to budgetary considerations. It established that section 7(2) of the Bill of Rights must be read in conjunction with section 36 to determine to what degree social rights pertaining to poverty can be limited. The wording of section 7(2) implies that the South African government (including local government) has a constitutionally entrenched duty to respect, protect, promote, and fulfil the rights in the Bill of Rights and consequently the social rights pertaining to poverty.
 
4
Income measures of poverty or the quality of life are dominated by either GDP per capita, or the dollar a day poverty measure (as used to measure extreme poverty) or national poverty lines. Sumner (2003) point out that this is because these measures are useful for short run, aggregate decisions, and also because economic measures of the quality of life are seen as being more receptive, cheaper and less complex to collect than non-economic poverty data.
 
5
See for instance the Physical Quality of Life Index (PQLI) of Morris (1979), Osberg and Sharpe’s (2001) Index of Economic Well-Being (IEWB) and the Economist Intelligence Unit’s (2005) quality of life index. A full discussion and evaluation of each of these indices falls outside the scope of this paper. A good overview of these and the general quality-of-life research movement can be found in Sirgy et al. (2006).
 
6
The method of principal components identifies the common factor with the linear combination of proxies that maximizes the explained variance.
 
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Metadaten
Titel
The Non-Economic Quality of Life on a Sub-National Level in South Africa
verfasst von
Stephanié Rossouw
Wim Naudé
Publikationsdatum
01.05.2008
Verlag
Springer Netherlands
Erschienen in
Social Indicators Research / Ausgabe 3/2008
Print ISSN: 0303-8300
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-0921
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-007-9178-3

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