Abstract
We introduce an atomic formula \({\vec{y} \bot_{\vec{x}}\vec{z}}\) intuitively saying that the variables \({\vec{y}}\) are independent from the variables\({\vec{z}}\) if the variables \({\vec{x}}\) are kept constant. We contrast this with dependence logic \({\mathcal{D}}\) based on the atomic formula =\({(\vec{x}, \vec{y})}\) , actually equivalent to \({\vec{y} \bot_{\vec{x}}\vec{y}}\) , saying that the variables \({\vec{y}}\) are totally determined by the variables \({\vec{x}}\) . We show that \({\vec{y} \bot_{\vec{x}}\vec{z}}\) gives rise to a natural logic capable of formalizing basic intuitions about independence and dependence. We show that \({\vec{y} \bot_{\vec{x}}\vec{z}}\) can be used to give partially ordered quantifiers and IF-logic an alternative interpretation without some of the shortcomings related to so called signaling that interpretations using =\({(\vec{x}, \vec{y})}\) have.
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Grädel, E., Väänänen, J. Dependence and Independence. Stud Logica 101, 399–410 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11225-013-9479-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11225-013-9479-2