Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Can campo rupestre vegetation be floristically delimited based on vascular plant genera?

  • Published:
Plant Ecology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A number of floristic and vegetation studies apply the terms campo rupestre, campo de altitude (or Brazilian páramo), and Tepui to neotropical azonal outcrop and montane vegetation. All of these are known to harbor considerable numbers of endemic plant species and to share several genera. In order to determine whether currently known combinations of vascular plant genera could help circumscribe and distinguish these vegetation types, we selected 25 floras which did not exclude herbs and compiled them into a single database. We then compared the Sørensen similarities of the genus–assemblages using the numbers of native species in the resulting 1945 genera by multivariate analysis. We found that the circumscription of campo rupestre and other Neotropical outcrop vegetation types may not rely exclusively on a combination of genera.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alves RJV, Kolbek J (1993) Penumbral rock communities in Campo Rupestre sites in Brazil. J Veg Sci 4:357–366

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alves RJV, Kolbek J (1994) Plant species in savanna vegetation on table mountains (Campo Rupestre) in Brazil. Vegetatio 113:125–139

    Google Scholar 

  • Alves RJV, Kolbek J (2000) Primary succession on quartzite cliffs in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Biologia 1(55):69–83

    Google Scholar 

  • Alves RJV, Kolbek J (2009) Summit vascular flora of the Serra de São José, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Check List J Species Lists Distrib 5(1):35–73 (http://www.checklist.org.br/toc?vol=5&num=1). Accessed 11 Apr 2009

  • Alves RJV, Cardin L, Kropf MS (2007) Angiosperm disjunction “Campos Rupestres-Restingas”—a re-evaluation. Acta Bot Brasil 21(3):675–685

    Google Scholar 

  • Alves RJV, Kolbek J, Becker J (2008) Vascular epiphyte vegetation in rocky savannas of southeastern Brazil. Nord J Bot 26:101–117

    Google Scholar 

  • Amaral AG, Pereira FFO, Munhoz CBR (2006) Fitossociologia de uma área de cerrado rupestre na fazenda sucupira, Brasília, DF. Cerne 12(4):350–359

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson AB (1981) White-sand vegetation of Brazilian Amazonia. Biotropica 13:199–210

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anonymous (2008) flora of the Serra do Intendente: www.conceicaodomatodentro. Accessed up to March 2009

  • Araújo GM, Barbosa AAA, Arantes AA, Amaral AF (2002) Composição florística de veredas no Município de Uberlândia. MG Rev Brasil Bot 25(4):475–493

    Google Scholar 

  • Behling H, Pillar VD, Orlóci L, Bauermann SG (2004) Late Quaternary Araucaria forest, grassland (Campos), fire and climate dynamics, studied by high-resolution pollen, charcoal and multivariate analysis of the Cambará do Sul core in southern Brazil. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol 203:277–297

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Behling H, Pillar VD, Bauermann SG (2005) Late Quaternary grassland (Campos), gallery forest, fire and climate dynamics, studied by pollen, charcoal and multivariate analysis of the São Francisco de Assis core in western Rio Grande do Sul (southern Brazil). Rev Palaeobot Palynol 133:235–248

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berry PE, Huber O, Holst BK (1995) Floristic analysis and phytogeography. In: Berry PE, Holst BK, Yatskievych K (eds) Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana. Missouri Bot Gard and Timber Press, St. Louis, pp 161–191

    Google Scholar 

  • Beskorovainaya IN, Tarasov PA (2004) Influence of fire on ecological conditions of sandy podzol soils in pine stands of Central Siberia. Proceedings, Super Soil 2004, Sydney. http://www.regional.org.au/au/asssi/supersoil2004/s12/oral/1728_Beskorovainaya.htm. Accessed 4 Jun 2008

  • Borba EL, Felix JM, Semir J, Solferini VN (2000) Pleurothallis fabiobarrosoi, a New Brazilian Species: morphological and genetic data with notes on the taxonomy of Brazilian rupicolous Pleurothallis. Lindleyana 15(1):2–9

    Google Scholar 

  • Borba EL, Shepherd GJ, van den Berg C, Semir J (2002) Floral and vegetative morphometrics of five Pleurothallis (Orchidaceae) species: correlation with taxonomy, phylogeny, genetic variability and pollination systems. Ann Bot 90(2):219–230

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brummitt RK, Powell CE (1992) Authors of plant names. Royal Bot Gard, Kew

    Google Scholar 

  • Burrows CJ (1990) Processes of vegetation change. Urwin Hyman, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Caiafa AN, da Silva AF (2005) Composição Florística e Espectro Biológico de um Campo de Altitude no Parque Estadual da Serra do Brigadeiro, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Rodriguésia 56(87):163–173

    Google Scholar 

  • Clayton WD, Harman KT, Williamson H (2007) GrassBase – The Online World Grass Flora. www.kew.org/data/grasses-db.html. Accessed 19 Jan 2008

  • Conceição AA (2006) Ecologia vegetal em campos rupestres da Chapada Diamantina, Bahia. www.uefs.br/ppbio/cd/portugues/capitulo9.htm. Accessed 29 Dec 2006

  • Conceição AA, Giulietti AM (2002) Composição florística e aspectos estruturais de campo rupestre em dois platôs do Morro do Pai Inácio, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brasil. Hoehnea 29:37–48

    Google Scholar 

  • Conceição AA, Pirani JR (2005) Delimitação de habitats em campos rupestres na Chapada Diamantina: substratos, composição florística e aspectos estruturais. Bol Bot Univ São Paulo 23:85–111

    Google Scholar 

  • Conceição AA, Pirani JR (2007) Diversidade em quatro áreas de campos rupestres na Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brasil: Espécies distintas, mas riquezas similares. Rodriguesia 58:193–206

    Google Scholar 

  • Conceição AA, Giulietti AM, Meirelles ST (2007a) Ilhas de vegetação em afloramentos de quartzito-arenito no Morro do Pai Inácio, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brasil. Acta Bot Brasil 21(2):335–347

    Google Scholar 

  • Conceição AA, Rapini A, Pirani JR, Giulietti AM, Harley R, Silva TRS, Funch R (2007b) Os campos rupestres. In: Anonymous, Acunã Juncá F, Funch L, Rocha W (orgs) Biodiversidade e Conservação da Chapada Diamantina, 1st edn, Ministério do Meio Ambiente, Distrito Federal – Brasília 2005, pp 153–180

  • Costa da AF, Dias ICA (2001) Flora do Parque Nacional da Restinga de Jurubatiba e arredores, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil: listagem, florística e fitogeografia. Sér Livros no. 8, Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro

  • Culek M (ed) (1996) Biogeografické členění České republiky. ENIGMA, Praha

    Google Scholar 

  • da Costa IR, da Araújo FS, Lima-Verde LW (2004) Flora e aspectos auto-ecológicos de um encrave de cerrado na chapada do Araripe, Nordeste do Brasil. Acta Bot Brasil 18(1):759–770

    Google Scholar 

  • da Silva MFF, Secco RS, Lobo MGA (1996) Aspectos Ecológicos da vegetação rupestre da serra dos Carajás (PA). Acta Amazônica 26(1/2):17–44

    Google Scholar 

  • de Araújo FS, Sampaio EVSB, Figueiredo MA, Rodal MJN, Fernandes AG (1998) Composição florística da vegetação de carrasco, Novo Oriente, CE. Rev Brasil Bot 21(2):105–116

    Google Scholar 

  • de Araújo FS, Martins FR, Shepherd GJ (1999) Variações estruturais e florísticas do carrasco no planalto da Ibiapaba, Estado do Ceará. Rev Brasil Biol 59(4):663–678

    Google Scholar 

  • de Benites VM, Caiafa AN, de Mendonça ES, Schaefer CE, Ker JC (2003) Solos e vegetação nos complexos rupestres de altitude da Mantiqueira e do Espinhaço. Flor Ambien 10(1):76–85

    Google Scholar 

  • de Benites VM, Schaefer CE, Simas FNB, Santos HG (2007) Soils associated with rock outcrops in the Brazilian mountain ranges Mantiqueira and Espinhaço. Rev Brasil Bot 30(4):569–577

    Google Scholar 

  • De Granville JJ (1991) Remarks on the montane flora and vegetation types of the Guianas. Willdenowia 21:201–213

    Google Scholar 

  • de Mendonça RC, Felfili JM, Walter BMT, da Silva MC Jr, Rezende AV, Filgueiras TS, Nogueira PE (1998) Flora vascular do Cerrado. In: Sano SM, de Almeida SP (eds) Cerrado – ambiente e flora. Embrapa, Planaltina, pp 289–306

    Google Scholar 

  • de Queiroz LP (2006a) Flowering plants of the Brazilian semi-arid. In: de Queiroz LP, Rapini A, Giulietti AM (eds) Towards greater knowledge of the Brazilian semi-arid biodiversity. www.uefs.br/ppbio/cd/english/editorial.htm. Accessed 6 Oct 2007

  • de Secco RS, da Lobo MGA (1988) Considerações Taxonômicas e Ecológicas sobre a Flora dos Campos Rupestres da Serra dos Carajás (PA). Bol FBCN 23:30–44

    Google Scholar 

  • de Secco RS, Mesquita AL (1983) Notas sobre a Vegetação de Canga da Serra Norte I. Bol Mus Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Nova Sér Bot 59(19):1–18

    Google Scholar 

  • de Weiser WL, Godoy SAP (2001) Florística em um hectare de cerrado stricto sensu na ARIE - cerrado Pé-de-Gigante, Santa Rita do Passa Quatro, SP. Acta Bot Brasil 15(2):201–212

    Google Scholar 

  • de Werneck MS, do Espírito-Santo MM (2002) Species diversity and abundance of vascular epiphytes on Vellozia piresiana in Brazil. Biotropica 34(1):51–57

    Google Scholar 

  • Dinerstein E, Olson DM, Graham DJ, Webster AL, Primm SA, Bookbinder MP, Ledec G (1995) A conservation assessment of the terrestrial ecoregions of Latin America and the Caribbean. World Bank, Washington

    Google Scholar 

  • Eiten G (1972) The cerrado vegetation of Brazil. Bot Rev 38:201–341

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eiten G (1978) Delimitation of the cerrado concept. Vegetatio 36(3):169–178

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eiten G (1984) Vegetation of Brasília. Phytocoenologia 12:271–292

    Google Scholar 

  • Felfili JM, Fagg CW (2007) Floristic composition, diversity and structure of the “cerrado” sensu stricto on rocky soils in northern Goiás and southern Tocantins, Brazil. Rev Brasil Bot 30(3):375–385

    Google Scholar 

  • Filgueiras TS (1991) A floristic analysis of the Gramineae of Brazil’s Distrito Federal and a list of the species occurring in the area. Edinb J Bot 48:73–80

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gamarra-Rojas CFL, Sampaio EVSB (2002) Espécies da caatinga no banco de dados do CNIP. In: Sampaio EVSB, Giulietti AM, Virgínio J, Gamarra-Rojas CFL (eds) Vegetação e Flora da Caatinga, vol 1. Associação Plantas do Nordeste. Centro Nordestino de informação sobre Plantas, Recife, pp 50–91

    Google Scholar 

  • Garcia RJF, Pirani JR (2005) Análise florística, ecológica e fitogeográfica do Núcleo Curucutu, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar (São Paulo, SP), com ênfase nos campos junto à crista da Serra do Mar. Hoehnea 32(1):1–48

    Google Scholar 

  • Giulietti AM, Pirani JR (1988) Patterns of geographic distribution of some plant species from the Espinhaço Range, Minas Gerais and Bahia, Brazil. In: Vanzolini PE, Heyer WR (eds) Proceedings of a workshop on neotropical distribution patterns. Acad Brasil Ciênc, Rio de Janeiro, pp 39–69

    Google Scholar 

  • Giulietti AM, Menezes NL, Pirani JR, Meguro M, Wanderley MGL (1987) Flora da Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais: caracterização e lista das espécies. Bol Bot Univ São Paulo 9:1–151

    Google Scholar 

  • Giulietti AM, Pirani JR, Harley RM (1997) Espinhaço Range Region, Eastern Brazil. In: Davis SD, Heywood VH, Herrera-MacBryde O, Villa-Lobos J, Hamilton AC (eds) Centres of plant diversity—a guide and srategy for their Conservation. World Wildlife Fund and World Conservation Union, pp 397–404

  • Giulietti AM, Harley RM, Queiroz LP, Barbosa MRV, Neta ALB, Figueiredo MA (2002) Espécies endêmicas da caatinga. In: Sampaio EVSB, Giulietti AM, Virgínio J, Gamarra-Rojas CFL (eds) Vegetação e Flora da Caatinga. Associação Plantas do Nordeste, Recife, pp 103–119

    Google Scholar 

  • Giulietti AM, Pirani JR, Harley RM (2007) Interior dry and mesic forests: CPD Site SA20, Espinhaço Range Region, Eastern Brazil CPD Site. http://botany.si.edu/projects/cpd/sa/sa20.htm

  • Gonzaga APD, Oliveira-Filho AT, Machado ELM, Hargreaves P, Machado JNM (2008) Diagnóstico florístico-estrutural do componente arbóreo da floresta da Serra de São José, em Tiradentes, Minas Gerais, baseado na comparação com 23 remanescentes florestais da região. Acta Bot Brasil 22(2):501–516

    Google Scholar 

  • Gottsberger G, Silberbauer-Gottsberger I (2006) Life in the Cerrado, a South American tropical seasonal ecosystem. Vol 1: Origin, structure, dynamics and plant use. Abt Syst Bot Ökol Bot Garten Univ Ulm

  • Harley RM (1988) Evolution and distribution of Eriope (Labiatae), and its relatives, in Brazil. In: Vanzolini PE, Heyer WR (eds) Proceedings of a workshop on neotropical distribution patterns. Acad Brasil Ciênc, Rio de Janeiro, pp 71–120

  • Harley RM (1995) Introduction. In: Stannard BL, Harvey YB, Harley RM (eds) Flora of the Pico das Almas, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil. Royal Bot Gard, Kew

    Google Scholar 

  • Harley RM, Simmons NA (1986) Florula of Mucugê. Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil. Royal Bot Gard, Kew

    Google Scholar 

  • Holzner W, Horvatic E, Köllner E, Köppl W, Pokorny M, Scharfetter E, Schramayr G, Strudl M (1986) Österreichischer Trockenrasenkatalog. Bundesminister Gesundheit Umweltschutz, Wien

    Google Scholar 

  • Huber O (1992) La flora—helechos y plantas fanerógamas. In: Huber O (ed) Chimantá, Escudo de Guayana, Venezuela; Um Ensayo eclógico tepuyano. O. Todtmann eds, Caracas, pp 139–160

    Google Scholar 

  • Huber O, Steyermark JA, Prance GT, Ales C (1984) The vegetation of the Sierra Parima, Venezuela-Brazil: some results of recent exploration. Brittonia 36(2):104–139

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Humphries HC, Bourgeron PS, Reynolds KM (2007) Suitability for conservation as a crierion in regional conservation network selection. Biodivers Conserv 17(3):467–492

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ibisch PL, Rauer G, Rudolph D, Barthlott W (1995) Floristic, biogeographical, and vegetational aspects of Pre-Cambrian rock outcrops (inselbergs) in eastern Bolivia. Flora 190:299–314

    Google Scholar 

  • Ibisch PL, Nowicki C, Vásquez R, Koch K (2001) Taxonomy and biology of Andean Velloziaceae: Vellozia andina sp. nov. and notes on Barbaceniopsis (including Barbaceniopsis castillonii comb. nov.). System Bot 26(1):5–16

    Google Scholar 

  • Jacobi CM, do Carmo FF, Vincent RC, Stehmann JR (2007) Plant communities on ironstone outcrops: a diverse and endangered Brazilian ecosystem. Biodivers Conserv 16:2185–2200

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • JBRJ (2007) Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Jabot-Banco de Dados da Flora Brasileira. http://www.jbrj.gov.br/jabot. Accessed throughout 2007

  • Kolbek J, Alves RJV (2008) Impacts of cattle, fire and wind in Rocky Savannas, Southeastern Brazil. Acta Univ Carol Environ 22:111–130

    Google Scholar 

  • Körner Ch (2003) Limitation and stress—always or never? J Veg Sci 14:141–143

    Google Scholar 

  • Lindman CAM (1906) A vegetação do Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre

  • Loefgren A (1890) Contribuições para a Botânica Paulista. Região campestre. Bol Comiss Geogr Geol Est São Paulo 5:3–51

    Google Scholar 

  • Loefgren A (1898) Ensaio para uma distribuição dos vegetais nos diversos grupos florísticos no Estado de São Paulo. Bol Comiss Geogr Geol Est São Paulo 11:3–50

    Google Scholar 

  • Luteyn JL (1999) Paramos: a checklist of plant diversity, geographical distribution, and botanical literature. Mem New York Bot Gard 84:1–278. Distribution, and Botanical Literature, The New York Bot Garden Press

  • Magnusson WE, Lima AP, Albernaz ALKM, Sanaiotti TM, Guillaumet JL (2008) Composição florística e cobertura vegetal das savanas na região de Alter do Chão, Santarém – PA. Rev Brasil Bot 31(1):165–177

    Google Scholar 

  • Maguire B, Murça Pires J (1978) Saccifoliaceae, a new monotypic family of the Gentianales. In: Maguire B, Wurdack JJ (eds) The botany of the Guayana Highland, Part X. Mem New York Bot Gard 29:230–245

  • Maguire B, Steyermark JA (1981) Tepuianthaceae, Sapindales. In: Maguire B, Wurdack JJ (eds) The botany of the Guayana Highland, Part XI. Mem New York Bot Gard 32:4–21

  • Martinelli G (1989) Campos de altitude. Ed Index, Rio de Janeiro

    Google Scholar 

  • Mello-Silva R (2005) Morphological analysis, phylogenies and classification in Velloziaceae. Bot J Linn Soc 148:157–173

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Menini Neto L, Alves RJV, de Barros F, Forzza RC (2007) Orchidaceae do Parque Estadual de Ibitipoca, MG, Brasil. Acta Bot Brasil 21(3):687–696

    Google Scholar 

  • Mourão A, Stehmann JR (2007) Levantamento da flora do campo rupestre sobre canga hematítica couraçada remanescente na Mina do Brucutu, Barão de Cocais, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Rodriguésia 55:775–785

    Google Scholar 

  • Munhoz CBR, Felfili JM (2006) Floristics of the herbaceous and subshrub layer of a moist grassland in the cerrado biosphere reserve (Alto Paraíso de Goiás), Brazil. Edinb J Bot 63(2–3):343–354

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Munhoz CBR, Felfili JM (2007) Florística do estrato herbáceo-subarbustivo de um campo limpo úmido em Brasília, Brasil. Biota Neotropica 7(3):205–215

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nemoto M, Libeiro JF (2005) Factors determining the habitat of Drosera sessilifolia in the humid zone of the Brazilian Cerrado. J Ecol Res 21(1):150–156

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oliveira Filho A, Machado JNM (1993) Composição florística de uma floresta semidecídua montana na Serra de São José, Tiradentes, Minas Gerais. Acta Bot Brasil 7(2):71–88

    Google Scholar 

  • Oliveira RB, Godoy SAP (2007) Composição florística dos afloramentos rochosos do Morro do Forno, Altinópolis, São Paulo. Biota Neotropica 7(2):37–48

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Overbeck GE, Müller SC, Fidelis H, Pfadenhauer J, Pilar VD, Blanco CC, Boldrini II, Both R, Forneck ED (2007) Brazil’s neglected biome: the South Brazilian Campos. Perspect Plant Ecol Evol Syst 9:101–116

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peron MV (1989) Listagem preliminar da flora fanerogamica dos campos rupestres do Parque Estadual do Itacolomi – Ouro Preto/Mariana, MG. Rodriguésia 67(41):63–69

    Google Scholar 

  • Pirani JR, Giulietti AM, Mello-Silva R, Meguro M (1994) Checklist and patterns of geographic distribution of the vegetation of Serra do Ambrósio, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Rev Brasil Bot 17(2):133–147

    Google Scholar 

  • Pires JM, Prance GT (1985) The vegetation types of the Brazilian Amazon. In: Prance GT, Lovejoy TE (eds) Key environments: Amazonia. Pergamon Press, New York, pp 109–145

    Google Scholar 

  • Podani J (2001) SYN-TAX 2000. Computer Program for Data Analysis in Ecology and Systematics for Windows 95, 98 & NT. User’s manual. Scientia Publishing, Budapest, pp 1–53

  • Porembski S, Szarzynski J, Mund JP, Barthlott W (1996) Biodiversity and vegetation of small sized inselbergs in a West African rain forest (Tai, Ivory Coast). J Biogeogr 23(1):47–55

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • GBIF Data Portal (2007) www.gbif.net. Accessed from 4 Oct 2007 to 20 Jan 2008

  • Prance GT, Johnson DM (1991) Plant collections from the plateau of Serra do Aracá, Amazonas Brazil, and their phytogeographic affinities. Kew Bull 47(1):1–24

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Queiroz LP (2006) The Brazilian caatinga: phytogeographical patterns inferred from distribution data of the Leguminosae. In: Penninigton RT, Lewis GP, Ratter JA (eds) Neotropical dry forests and savannas. Royal Bot Gard, Edinburgh, pp 113–149

    Google Scholar 

  • Queiroz LP, Sena TSN, Costa MJSL (1996) Flora vascular da Serra da Jibóia, Santa Terezinha – Bahia. I: o campo rupestre. Sitientibus 15:27–40

    Google Scholar 

  • Restinga-Net (2008) www.restinga.net/flora.asp. Accessed up to 28 April 2009

  • Ribeiro JF, Walter BMT (1998) Fitofisionomias do Bioma Cerrado. In: Sano SM, de Almeida SP (eds) Cerrado Ambiente e Flora. Embrapa, Planaltina

    Google Scholar 

  • Ritter LMO (2008) Composição florística e aspectos físicos do cerrado nos Campos Gerais, Paraná. MSc dissertation, Univ Estad de ponta Grossa. http://www.bicentede.uepg.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=144

  • Rizzini CT (1997) Tratado de Fitogeografia do Brasil. Ambito Cultural Ediçoes, Rio de Janeiro

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodal MJN, do Nascimento LM (2002) Levantamento florístico da floresta serrana da reserva biológica de Serra Negra, Microrregião de Itaparica, Pernambuco, Brasil. Acta Bot Brasil 16(4):481–500

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodrigues RS, Flores AS, Miotto STS, de Baptista LRM (2005) The genus Senna (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae) in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Acta Bot Brasil 19(1):1–16

    Google Scholar 

  • Rutter RAD, Alves RJV, Koschnitzke C (2007) Melastomataceae da Serra de São José, Minas Gerais. Rev Biol Neotrop 4(1):1–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Safford HD (1999) Brazilian Páramos I: an introduction to the physical environment and vegetation of the campos de altitude. J Biogeogr 26:693–712

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Safford HD (2007) Brazilian Páramos IV. Phytogeography of the campos de altitude. J Biogeogr 34:1701–1722

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Safford HD, Martinelli G (2000) Southeast Brazil. In: Barthlott W, Porembski S (eds) Inselbergs: biotic diversity of isolated rock outcrops in tropical and temperate regions. Springer Verlag, Berlin, pp 339–389

    Google Scholar 

  • Salatino A, Salatino MLF, Mello-Silva R, Sluys MA, Giannasi DE, Price RA (2001) Phylogenetic inference in Velloziaceae using chloroplast trnL-F sequences. Syst Bot 26(1):92–103

    Google Scholar 

  • Sano SM, de Almeida SP (1998) Cerrado – ambiente e flora. Embrapa, Planaltina

    Google Scholar 

  • Semir J (1991) Revisão taxonomica do genero Lychnophora Mart. (Verbnonieae: Compositae). Doctoral thesis (unpubl), Univ Estad Campinas (n.v.)

  • Silva AC, Vidal-Torrado P, Martinez Cortizas A, Garcia Rodeja E (2004) Solos do topo da Serra de São José (Minas Gerais) e suas relações com o paleoclima no sudeste do Brasil. Rev Brasil Ci Solo 28:455–466

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Simmons GC (1963) Canga caves in the Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Nat Speleol Soc Bull 25:66–72

    Google Scholar 

  • Sklenář P, Jorgensen PM (1999) Distribution patterns of páramo plants in Ecuador. J Biogeogr 26:681–691

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Speisman BJ, Cumming GS (2007) Communities in context: the influences of multiscale environmental variation on local ant community structure. Landsc Ecol 23(3):313–325

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stannard BL, Harvey YB, Harley RM (eds) (1995) Flora of the Pico das Almas, Chapada Diamantina – Bahia, Brazil. Royal Bot Gard, Kew

    Google Scholar 

  • Stanová V, Valachovič M (eds) (2002) Katalóg biotopov Slovenska. DAPHNE, Bratislava

    Google Scholar 

  • Steyermark JA (1979) Flora of the Guayana highland: endemicity of the generic flora of the summits of the Venezuela Tepuis. Taxon 28(1/3):45–54

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steyermark JA, Berry PE, Holst BK (eds) (1995) Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana, vol 1, Missouri Bot Gard, St. Louis, 320 pp

  • Tichý L (2002) JUICE, software for vegetation classification. J Veg Sci 13:451–453

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tropicos.org (2008) Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.tropicos.org/Name/33600187. Accessed 9 May 2008

  • USDA (2007) USDA ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network—(GRIN). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?443910. Accessed from 4 Oct 2007 to 20 Jan 2008

  • Viana PL, Lombardi JA (2007) Florística e caracterização dos campos rupestres sobre canga na Serra da Calçada, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Rodriguésia 58:159–177

    Google Scholar 

  • Viceníková A, Polák P (eds) (2003) Európsky významné biotopy na Slovensku. ŠOP SR and DAPHNE, Banská Bystrica

    Google Scholar 

  • Weinelt M (2007) www.aquarius.ifm-geomar.de. Accessed Oct 2007

  • Zickel CS, de Almeida EB Jr, de Medeiros DPW, Lima PB, de Souza TMS, de Lima AB (2007) Magnoliophyta species of restinga, state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Check List 3(3):224–241

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We thank the late Prof. Johann Becker for brilliant and stimulating discussions during many field trips, Pedro S. Fernandes and Karin von Smigay for logistic support, and Ivana Rajznoverová for technical assistance. The participation of the second author was possible due to research project number AVOZ 60050516 (Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20940-040, Brazil

    Ruy J. V. Alves

  2. Institute of Botany, v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 25243, Průhonice, Czech Republic

    Jiří Kolbek

Authors
  1. Ruy J. V. Alves
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jiří Kolbek
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ruy J. V. Alves.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

(DOC 32 kb)

(XLS 441 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Alves, R.J.V., Kolbek, J. Can campo rupestre vegetation be floristically delimited based on vascular plant genera?. Plant Ecol 207, 67–79 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-009-9654-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-009-9654-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation