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Kinetic and Equilibrium Modeling for Cr(III) and Cr(VI) Removal from Aqueous Solutions by Citrus reticulata Waste Biomass

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Abstract

The pulp left after the extraction of juice from Citrus reticulate (kinnow), is a waste material, which was used as a potential sorbent for Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in the present study. The effect of experimental parameters such as pH, biosorbent dosage, biosorbent particle size, initial metal concentrations, temperature, shaking speed and sorption time on the Cr removal is apparent from the obtained results. The Freundlich isotherm and pseudo second order kinetic models fitted well to the data of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) biosorption by Citrus reticulata waste biomass. Effect of several pretreatments such as gases, natural coagulant and many other chemicals on Cr(III) and Cr(VI) sorption capacity of Citrus reticulata waste biomass was first time analyzed in the present study. The metal sorption capacity of Citrus reticulata waste biomass after a specific pretreatment was not only related to the nature of chemical but also strongly dependent on the oxidation state of the metal.

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Acknowledgment

Authors like to thank Prof. Dr. Munir Ahmad Shiekh (Chairperson, Department of chemistry, University of Agriculture, Pakistan) for his useful suggestions throughout the present study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Industrial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan

    Ammara Zubair, Haq Nawaz Bhatti, Muhammad Asif Hanif & Faiza Shafqat

  2. Rose Laboratory, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan

    Muhammad Asif Hanif

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  1. Ammara Zubair
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  2. Haq Nawaz Bhatti
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Correspondence to Haq Nawaz Bhatti.

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Zubair, A., Bhatti, H.N., Hanif, M.A. et al. Kinetic and Equilibrium Modeling for Cr(III) and Cr(VI) Removal from Aqueous Solutions by Citrus reticulata Waste Biomass. Water Air Soil Pollut 191, 305–318 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-008-9626-y

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