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Advances in Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Degradation of Phenols and Dyes in Wastewater: A Review

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Abstract

The heterogeneous photocatalytic water purification process has gained wide attention due to its effectiveness in degrading and mineralizing the recalcitrant organic compounds as well as the possibility of utilizing the solar UV and visible light spectrum. This paper aims to review and summarize the recently published works in the field of photocatalytic oxidation of toxic organic compounds such as phenols and dyes, predominant in wastewater effluent. In this review, the effects of various operating parameters on the photocatalytic degradation of phenols and dyes are presented. Recent findings suggested that different parameters, such as type of photocatalyst and composition, light intensity, initial substrate concentration, amount of catalyst, pH of the reaction medium, ionic components in water, solvent types, oxidizing agents/electron acceptors, mode of catalyst application, and calcinations temperature can play an important role on the photocatalytic degradation of organic compounds in water environment. Extensive research has focused on the enhancement of photocatalysis by modification of TiO2 employing metal, non-metal, and ion doping. Recent advances in TiO2 photocatalysis for the degradation of various phenols and dyes are also highlighted in this review.

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Acknowledgement

This study is supported under an Australian Research Council (ARC) linkage grant in collaboration with CM Concrete Private limited and Department of Public Works, QLD Government. The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of ARC project. One author is also grateful for the financial support of the Queensland Government through the Smart State fellowship scheme.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Science, Engineering and Health, CQ University, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia

    Saber Ahmed & M. G. Rasul

  2. Discipline of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia

    Wayde N. Martens

  3. School of Engineering System, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia

    Richard Brown

  4. Department of Ecological Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Japan

    M. A. Hashib

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  1. Saber Ahmed
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  2. M. G. Rasul
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Correspondence to Saber Ahmed.

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Ahmed, S., Rasul, M.G., Martens, W.N. et al. Advances in Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Degradation of Phenols and Dyes in Wastewater: A Review. Water Air Soil Pollut 215, 3–29 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-010-0456-3

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