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Electrochemical Degradation of Nonylphenol Ethoxylate-7 (NP7EO) Using a DiaClean® Cell Equipped with Boron-Doped Diamond Electrodes (BDD)

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Abstract

Nowadays, the increasing pollution of natural water effluents with surfactant, wetting, dispersing, and emulsifying agents which contain nonylphenol ethoxylate (NP7EO) is an emerging problem that has not received the enough attention. Currently, it is known that degrading this type of highly stable compounds is possible through advanced electrochemical oxidation (AEO), but the degradation of NP7EO has not been tested yet. Thus, this work carries out a study of the degradation of the NP7EO (500 mg L−1) through advanced electrochemical oxidation, using a DiaClean® cell, equipped with boron-doped diamond electrodes (BDD, 70 cm2). The cell operated in a recirculation system with a peristaltic pump, which allowed to control the electrolyte flow. The buffer media for degradation was NH4OH 0.1 M/HCl 0.05 M (pH 9.25). The effect of the current density (j = 20, 30, 40 mA cm−2) was studied, and the cell efficiency for each condition was evaluated. The degradation was followed by total organic carbon (TOC), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and absorbance. The cell potential was monitored to determine the operating costs. The best conditions for the mineralization of NP7EO (initial concentration = 500 mg L−1) were applying 40 mA cm−2 and at a flow rate of 12.6 L min−1 during 8 h of electrolysis, achieving a 90% of TOC removal. Therefore, this technology appears as a promising alternative for degrading surfactants like NP7EO in aqueous media.

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Acknowledgements

The Centro de Investigaciones y Control Ambiental de la Escuela Politécnica Nacional and the Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable UAEM-UNAM for the funding for the development of this project. The technical support of María Citlalit Martínez Soto is recognized.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Investigaciones y Control Ambiental, Departamento de Ingenieria Civil y Ambiental, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Ladrón de Guevara E11-253, P.O. Box 17-01-2759, Quito, Ecuador

    Katherine G. Armijos-Alcocer, Patricio J. Espinoza-Montero, María C. Nevárez-Martínez & Greta C. Fierro-Naranjo

  2. Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco, 50200, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico

    Bernardo A. Frontana-Uribe & Carlos E. Barrera-Diaz

  3. Instituto de Química, Universidad Autónoma de México, 04510, México D.F, Mexico

    Bernardo A. Frontana-Uribe

Authors
  1. Katherine G. Armijos-Alcocer
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  2. Patricio J. Espinoza-Montero
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  3. Bernardo A. Frontana-Uribe
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  4. Carlos E. Barrera-Diaz
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  5. María C. Nevárez-Martínez
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  6. Greta C. Fierro-Naranjo
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Correspondence to Patricio J. Espinoza-Montero or Bernardo A. Frontana-Uribe.

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Armijos-Alcocer, K.G., Espinoza-Montero, P.J., Frontana-Uribe, B.A. et al. Electrochemical Degradation of Nonylphenol Ethoxylate-7 (NP7EO) Using a DiaClean® Cell Equipped with Boron-Doped Diamond Electrodes (BDD). Water Air Soil Pollut 228, 289 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-017-3471-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-017-3471-9

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