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Immobilization of fungal laccase onto a nonionic surfactant-modified clay material: application to PAH degradation

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Abstract

Nonionic surfactant-modified clay is a useful absorbent material that effectively removes hydrophobic organic compounds from soil/groundwater. We developed a novel material by applying an immobilized fungal laccase onto nonionic surfactant-modified clay. Low-water-solubility polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (naphthalene/phenanthrene) were degraded in the presence of this bioactive material. PAH degradation by free laccase was higher than degradation by immobilized laccase when the surfactant concentration was allowed to form micelles. PAH degradation by immobilized laccase on TX-100-modified clay was higher than on Brij35-modified clay. Strong laccase degradation of PAH can be maintained by adding surfactant monomers or micelles. The physical adsorption of nonionic surfactants onto clay plays an important role in PAH degradation by laccase, which can be explained by the structure and molecular interactions of the surfactant with the clay and enzyme. A system where laccase is immobilized onto TX-100-monomer-modified clay is a good candidate bioactive material for in situ PAHs bioremediation.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology (previously the National Science Council) of Taiwan through projects NSC95-2221-E-008-053, NSC96-2221-E-031-003-MY2, and NSC96-2221-E-236-005-MY2.

Conflict of interests

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, Soochow University, 70, Linhsi Rd., Shinlin District, Taipei, 11102, Taiwan

    Yi-Tang Chang & Yi-Fen Liao

  2. Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan County, 32001, Taiwan

    Jiunn-Fwu Lee & Keng-Hua Liu

  3. School of Medicine, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA

    Vivian Yang

Authors
  1. Yi-Tang Chang
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  2. Jiunn-Fwu Lee
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  3. Keng-Hua Liu
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  4. Yi-Fen Liao
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  5. Vivian Yang
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Yi-Tang Chang or Jiunn-Fwu Lee.

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Responsible editor: Leif Kronberg

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Chang, YT., Lee, JF., Liu, KH. et al. Immobilization of fungal laccase onto a nonionic surfactant-modified clay material: application to PAH degradation. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 4024–4035 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4248-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4248-6

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