References
Wilkinson G, Birmingham JM. Cyclopentadienyl of Sc, Y, La, Ce and some lanthanide elements. J Am Chem Soc, 1954, 76: 6210–6210.
Mark TJ, Ernst RD. Scandium, yttrium and the lanthanides and actinides. In: Wilkinson G, Stone FGA, Abel EW, Eds. Comprehensive Organometallic Chemistry. Oxford: Pergamon, 1982, 21: 173–270
Evans WJ. Organometallic lanthanide chemistry. Adv Organometal Chem, 1985, 24: 131–177
Hou Z, Wakatsuki Y. Organometallic complexes of scandium, yttrium and the lanthanides. In: Imamoto T, Noyori R, Eds. SciSyn, Thieme: 2002, 2: 849–942
Molander GA, Romero JAC. Lanthanocene catalysts in selective organic synthesis. Chem Rev, 2002, 102: 2161–2185
Hong S, Mark TJ. Organolanthanide-catalyzed hydroamination. Acc Chem Res, 2004, 37: 673–686
Edelmann FT. From fundamentals to applications. In: Crabtree RH, Mingos MP, Eds. Comprehensive organometallic chemistry III. New York: Elsevier, 2007. Ch. 4.01: 1–190
Ephritikhine M. Synthesis, structure, and reactions of hydride, borohydride, and aluminohydride compounds of the f-elements. Chem Rev, 1997, 97: 2193–2242
Schumann H, Meesemarktscheffel JA, Esser L. Synthesis, structure, and reactivity of organometallic π-complexes of the rare earth in the oxidation state Ln3+ with aromatic ligands. Chem Rev, 1995, 95: 865–986
Watson PL, Parshall GW. Organolanthanides in catalysis. Acc Chem Res, 1985, 18: 51–56
Hou Z, Wakatsuki Y. Recent developments in organolanthanide polymerization catalysts. Coord Chem Rev, 2002, 231: 1–22
Chen EY-X, Coordination polymerization of polar vinyl monomers by single-site metal catalysts. Chem Rev, 2009, 109: 5157–5214
For a recent comprehensive review, see: Nishiura M, Hou Z. Novel polymerization catalysts and hydride clusters from rare-earth metal dialkyls. Nature Chem, 2010, 2: 257–268
Van der Heijden H, Schaverien CJ, Orpen AG. The first salt- and solvent-free monocyclopentadienyl lanthanide dialkyl complex. X-ray structure determinations of La(η 5-C5Me5)[CH(SiMe3)2]2 and of its tetrahydrofuran adduct: compounds containing agnostic Si-C bonds. Organometallics, 1989, 8: 255–258
Heeres HJ, Meetsma A, Teuben JH, Rogers RD. Mono(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) complexes of cerium(III). Synthesis, molecular structure, thermal-stability, and reactivity of (C5Me5)CeX2 (X = 2,6-di-tertbutylphenoxo, CH(SiMe3)2, and N(SiMe3)2 complexes. Organometallics, 1989, 8: 2637–2646
Nishiura M, Baldamus J, Shima T, Mori K, Hou Z. Synthesis and structures of the C5Me4SiMe3-supported polyhydride complexes over the full size-range of the rare earth series. Chem Eur J, 2011, 17: 5033–5044
Luo Y, Baldamus J, Hou Z. Scandium half-metallocene-catalyzed syndiospecific styrene polymerization and styrene-ethylene copolymerization: Unprecedented incorporation of syndiotactic styrene-styrene sequences in styrene-ethylene copolymers. J Am Chem Soc, 2004, 126: 13910–13911
Li X, Hou Z. Scandium-catalyzed copolymerization of ethylene with dicyclopentadiene and terpolymerization of ethylene, dicyclopentadiene, and styrene. Macromolecules, 2005, 38: 6767–6769
Li X, Baldamus J, Hou Z. Alternating ethylene-norbornene copolymerization catalyzed by cationic half-sandwich scandium complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2005, 44: 962–965
Zhang L, Luo Y, Hou Z. Unprecedented isospecific 3,4-polymerization of isoprene by cationic rare earth metal alkyl species resulting from a binuclear precursor. Binuclear. J Am Chem Soc, 2005, 127: 14562–14563
Hou Z, Luo Y, Li X. Cationic rare earth metal alkyls as novel catalysts for olefin polymerization and copolymerization. J Organomet Chem, 2006, 691: 3114–3121
Hitzbleck J, Beckerle K, Okuda J, Halbach T, Mülhaupt R. Syndiospecific polymerization catalysts for styrene based on rare earth metal half-sandwich complexes. Macromol Symp, 2006, 236: 23–39
Zhang H, Luo Y, Hou Z. Scandium-catalyzed syndiospecific copolymerization of styrene with isoprene. Macromolecules, 2008, 41: 1064–1066
Li X, Nishiura M, Hu L, Mori K, Hou Z. Alternating and random copolymerization of isoprene and ethylene catalyzed by cationic half-sandwich scandium alkyls. J Am Chem Soc, 2009, 131: 13870–13882
Li X, Hou Z. Scandium-catalyzed regio- and stereospecific cis-1,4-polymerization of 1,3-cyclohexadiene and copolymerization with ethylene. Macromolecules, 2010, 21: 8904–8909
Jian Z, Cui D, Hou Z, Li X. Living catalyzed-chain-growth polymerization and block isoprene by rare-earth metal allyl precursors bearing a constrained-geometry-conformation ligand. Chem Commun, 2010, 46: 3022–3024
Jian Z, Tang S, Cui D. A lutetium allyl complex that bears a pyridyl-functionalized cyclopentadienyl ligand: dual catalysis on highly syndiospecific and cis-1,4-selective (co)polymerizations of styrene and butadiene. Chem Eur J, 2010, 16: 14007–14015
Guo F, Nishiura M, Koshino H, Hou Z. Cycloterpolymerization of 1,6-heptadiene with ethylene and styrene catalyzed by a THF-free sandwich scandium complex. Macromolecules, 2011, 44: 2400–2403
Guo F, Nishiura M, Koshino H, Hou Z. Scandium-catalyzed cyclocopolymerization of 1,5-hexadiene with styrene and ethylene: Efficient synthesis of cyclopolyolefins containing syndiotactic styrene-styrene sequences and methylene-1,3-cyclopentane units. Macromolecules, 2011, 44: 6335–6344
Pan L, Zhang K, Nishiura M, Hou Z. Syndiospecific living copolymerization of styrene with ɛ-caprolactone by scandium catalysts. Macromolecules, 2010, 43: 9591–9593.
Jian Z, Tang S, Cui D. Highly regio- and stereoselective terpolymerization of styrene, isoprene and butadiene with lutetium-based coordination catalyst. Macromolecules, 2011, 44: 7675–7681
Pan L, Zhang K, Nishiura M, Hou Z. Chain-shuttling polymerization at two different scandium sites: Regio- and stereospecific “one-pot” block copolymerization of styrene, isoprene, and butadiene, Angew Chem Int Ed, 2011, DOI: 10.1002/anie.201104011
Jaroschik F, Shima T, Li X, Mori K, Ricard L, Le Goff XF, Nief F, Hou Z. Synthesis, characterization and reactivity of mono(phospholyl)lanthanoid(III) bis(dimethyl aminobenzyl) complexes. Organometallics, 2007, 26: 5654–5660
Nishiura M, Mashiko T, Hou Z. Synthesis and styrene polymerisation catalysis of η 5- and η 1-pyrrolyl-ligated cationic rare earth metal aminobenzyl complexes. Chem Commun, 2008, 2019-2021
Fang X, Li X, Hou Z, Assoud J, Zhao R. 1,2-Azaborolyl-ligated half-sandwich complexes of scandium(III) and lutetium(III): Synthesis, structures, and syndiotactic polymerization of styrene. Organometallics, 2009, 28: 517–522
Zhang L, Suzuki T, Luo Y, Nishiura M, Hou Z. Cationic alkyl rareearth metal complexes bearing an ancillary bis(phosphinophenyl) amido ligand: A catalytic system for living cis-1,4-polymerization and copolymerization of isoprene and butadiene. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2007, 46: 1909–1913
Zhang L, Nishiura M, Yuki M, Luo Y, Hou Z. Isoprene polymerization with yttrium amidinate catalysts: Switching the regio- and stereoselectivity by addition of AlMe3. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2008, 47: 2642–2645
Zimmermann M, Törnroos KW, Anwander R. Cationic rare-earth-metal half-sandwich complexes for the living trans-1,4-isoprene polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2008, 47: 775–778
Bonnet F, Visseaux M, Pereira A, Barbier-Baudry D. Highly trans-stereospecific isoprene polymerization by neodymium borohydrido catalysts. Macromolecule, 2005, 38: 3162–3169
Kempe R. Rare earth polymerization catalysts supported by bulky aminopyridinato ligands. Z Anorg Allg Chem, 2010, 636: 2135–2147
Luo Y, Wang X, Chen J, Luo C, Zhang Y, Yao Y. Mono(amidinate) rare earth metal bis(alkyl) complexes: Synthesis, structure and their activity for L-lactide polymerization. J Organomet Chem, 2009, 694: 1289–1296
Bambirra S, Van Leusen D, Tazelarr CGJ, Meetsma A, Hessen B. Rare earth metal alkyl complexes with methyl-substituted triazacyclononane-amide ligands: Ligand variation and ethylene polymerization catalysis. Organometallics, 2007, 26: 1014–1023
Luo Y, Nishiura M, Hou Z. Rare earth metal bis(alkyl) complexes bearing a monodentate arylamido ancillary ligand: Synthesis, structure, and olefin polymerization catalysis. J Organomet Chem, 2007, 692: 536–544
Takimoto M, Usami S, Hou Z. Scandium-catalyzed regio- and stereospecific methylalumination of silyloxy/alkoxy substituted alkynes and alkenes. J Am Chem Soc, 2009, 131: 18266–18268
Guan B, Hou Z. Rare-earth-catalyzed C-H bond addition of pyridines to olefins. J Am Chem Soc, 2011, 133: 18086–18089
Tardif O, Nishiura M, Hou Z. Isolation and structural characterization of a polyhydrido lanthanide cluster complex consisting of “(C5Me4SiMe3)LuH2” units. Organometallics, 2003, 22: 1171–1173
Hultzsch KC, Voth P, Spaniol TP, Okuda J. Synthesis and characterization of a tetranuclear hydride cluster yttrium [{(η 5-C5Me4SiMe3)Y}4(µ-H)4(µ3-H)4(THF)2]. Z Anorg Allg Chem, 2003, 629: 1272–1276
Cui D, Tardif O, Hou Z. Tetranuclear rare earth metal polyhydrido complexes composed of “(C5Me4SiMe3)LnH2” units. Unique reactivities toward unsaturated C-C, C-N, and C-O bonds. J Am Chem Soc, 2004, 126: 1312–1313
A review: Hou Z, Nishiura M, Shima T. Synthesis and reactions of polynuclear polyhydrido rare earth metal complexes containing “(C5Me4SiMe3)LnH2” units: A new frontier in rare earth metal hydride chemistry. Eur J Inorg Chem, 2007, 2535-2545
Shima T, Nishiura M, Hou Z. Tetra-, penta-, and hexanuclear yttrium hydride clusters from half-sandwich bis(aminobenzyl) complexes containing various cyclopentadienyl ligands. Organometallic, 2011, 30: 2513–2524
Cheng J, Saliu K, Ferguson MJ, McDonald R, Takats J. Variable nuclearity scorpionate-supported lanthanide polyhydrides: [(TpR,R′)LnH2]n (n = 3, 4 and 6). J Organomet Chem, 2010, 695: 2696–2702
Cheng J, Saliu K, Kiel GY, Ferguson MJ, McDonald R, Takats J. Scorpionate-supported dialkyl and dihydride lanthanide complexes: Ligand- and solvent-dependent cluster hydride formation. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2008, 47: 4910–4913
Ohashi M, Konkol M, Del Rosal I, Poteau R, Maron L, Okuda J. Rare-earth metal alkyl and hydride complexes stabilized by a cyclen-derived [NNNN] macrocyclic ancillary ligand. J Am Chem Soc, 2008, 130: 6920–6921
Cheng J, Ferguson MJ, Takats J. Synthesis and reaction of [(TpiPr2)LnH2]3 (Ln = Y, Lu) with CO: Trinuclear cluster-bound propenolate en route to selective formation of propene. J Am Chem Soc, 2010, 132: 2–3
Cheng J, Shima T, Hou Z. Rare-earth polyhydride complexes bearing bis(phosphinophenyl)amido pincer ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2011, 50: 1857–1860
Lyubov DM, Döring C, Fukin GK, Cherkasov AV, Shavyrin AS, Kempe R, Trifonov AA. Selective assembly of trinuclear rare-earth alkyl hydrido clusters supported by amidopyridinate ligands. Organometallics, 2008, 27: 2905–2907
Lyubov DM, Döring C, Ketkov SY, Kempe R, Trifonov AA. Selective protonation of the Y-C bond in trinuclear yttrium alkyl-hydrido clusters and formation of the cationic polyhydrido core. Chem Eur J, 2011, 17: 3824–3826
Venugopal A, Fegler W, Spaniol TP, Maron L, Okuda J. Dihydrogen addition in dinuclear rare-earth metal hydride complex supported by a metalated TREN ligand. J Am Chem Soc, 2011, 133: 17574–17577
Cheng J, Hou Z. Cationic terminal hydrido rare earth complexes bearing an amidinate ancillary ligand, Chem Commun, 2011, DOI: 10.1039/ c1cc14949k
Shima T, Hou Z. Hydrogenation of carbon monoxide by tetranuclear rare earth metal polyhydrido complexes. Selective formation of ethylene and isolation of well-defined polyoxo rare earth metal clusters. J Am Chem Soc, 2006, 128: 8124–8125
Takenaka Y, Shima T, Baldamus J, Hou Z. Reduction of transition-metal-coordinated carbon monoxide by a rare-earth hydride cluster: Isolation of well-defined heteromultimetallic oxycarbene, oxymethyl, carbene, and methyl complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2009, 48: 7888–7891
Cui D, Nishiura M, Hou Z. Lanthanide-imido complexes and their reactions with benzonitrile. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2005, 44: 959–962
Shima T, Luo Y, Stewart T, Bau R, McIntyre GJ, Mason SA, Hou Z. Molecular heterometallic hydride clusters composed of rare-earth and d-transition metals. Nature Chem, 2011, 2011, 3: 814–820
Schlapbach L, Züttel A. Hydrogen-storage materials for mobile applications. Nature, 2001, 414: 353–358
Kubas GJ. Fundamentals of H2 binding and reactivity on transition metals underlying hydrogenase function and H2 production and storage. Chem Rev, 2007, 107: 4152–4205
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
CHENG JianHua received his Ph.D. from the Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry (2003), Chinese Academy of Sciences, under the supervision of Prof. HUANG BaoTong and Prof. CHEN WenQi. He then undertook postdoctoral research in the group of Prof. Joe Takats at the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. He joined RIKEN as a Special Foreign Postdoctoral Researcher (FPR) in 2009. His research interests focus on the synthesis and development of highly reactive rare-earth organometallic complexes.
HOU ZhaoMin received his PhD in chemistry from Kyushu University (Japan) in 1989. After postdoctoral experiences at RIKEN (Japan) (1989–1991) and the University of Windsor (Canada) (1991–1993), he joined RIKEN as a Research Scientist in 1993, and was promoted to Chief Scientist in 2002. Since then, he has been directing the Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory at RIKEN. His current research interests include the development of novel catalysts for precision polymerization and efficient, selective organic synthesis, activation and functionalization of C-H bonds and small molecules, and studies of multimetallic hydride clusters and novel organic EL materials.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cheng, J., Hou, Z. Rare-earth dialkyl and dihydride complexes bearing monoanionic ancillary ligands. Sci. China Chem. 54, 2032–2037 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11426-011-4439-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11426-011-4439-z