Abstract
The seasonal variability and spatial distribution of precipitation are the main cause of flood and drought events. The study of spatial distribution and temporal trend of precipitation in river basins has been paid more and more attention. However, in China, the precipitation data are measured by weather stations (WS) of China Meteorological Administration and hydrological rain gauges (RG) of national and local hydrology bureau. The WS data usually have long record with fewer stations, while the RG data usually have short record with more stations. The consistency and correlation of these two data sets have not been well understood. In this paper, the precipitation data from 30 weather stations for 1958–2007 and 248 rain gauges for 1995–2004 in the Haihe River basin are examined and compared using linear regression, 5-year moving average, Mann-Kendall trend analysis, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Z test and F test methods. The results show that the annual precipitation from both WS and RG records are normally distributed with minor difference in the mean value and variance. It is statistically feasible to extend the precipitation of RG by WS data sets. Using the extended precipitation data, the detailed spatial distribution of the annual and seasonal precipitation amounts as well as their temporal trends are calculated and mapped. The various distribution maps produced in the study show that for the whole basin the precipitation of 1958–2007 has been decreasing except for spring season. The decline trend is significant in summer, and this trend is stronger after the 1980s. The annual and seasonal precipitation amounts and changing trends are different in different regions and seasons. The precipitation is decreasing from south to north, from coastal zone to inland area.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Fan Zengquan, Liu Chunzhen, 1992. Analysis on the processed of water vapor transfer over North China during 1980–1987. Scientia Atmospherica Sinica, 16(5): 548–555. (in Chinese)
Feng Ping, Wang Zhongjue, Yang Peng, 2003. Analysis on the drought character of Haihe River basin. Water Resource and Hydropower Engineering, 34: 33–35. (in Chinese)
Jiang Yan, 2005. Analysis and simulation of hydrologic process in Tarim Basin [D]. Beijing: Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS. (in Chinese)
Liu Chunzhen, 1999. On some issues in studying climate change impact and adaptation. Climatic and Environmental Research, 4(2): 129–134. (in Chinese)
Liu Chunzhen, Liu Zhiyu, Xie Zhenghui, 2004. Study of trends in runoff for the Haihe River basin in recent 50 years. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science, 15(4): 385–393. (in Chinese)
Ren Guoyu, 2007. Climate Change and China’s Water Resources. Beijing: China Meteorological Press. (in Chinese)
Shi Yafeng, 1995. The Impact of Climate Change on West China and North China. Shandong: Shandong Science and Technology Press. (in Chinese)
Wang Miaolin, 2008. Nonlinear system distributed hydrological model in the upper Yangtze River Basin [D]. Beijing: Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS. (in Chinese)
Xu Chongyu, 2001. Statistical analysis of parameters and residuals of a conceptual water balance model — methodology and case study. Water Resources Management, 15: 75–92.
Yuan Fei, Xie Zhenghui, Ren Liliang et al., 2005. Hydrological variation in Haihe River basin due to climate change. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 36(3): 274–279. (in Chinese)
Yue Sheng, Wang Chunyuan, 2002. Applicability of prewhitening to eliminate the influence of serial correlation on the Mann-Kendall test. Water Resources Research, 38(6), doi: 10.1029/2001WR000861.
Zhang Jianyun, Wang Guoqing, 2007. Research on the Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources. Beijing: Science Press. (in Chinese)
Zhang Liping, Xia Jun, Lin Zhaohui et al., 2008. Variation and transport feature of atmospheric water resources in Haihe River basin. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 39(2): 206–211. (in Chinese)
Zhang Qiang, Xu Chongyu, Zhang Zengxin et al., 2008a. Climate change or variability? The case of Yellow River as indicated by extreme maximum and minimum air temperature during 1960–2004. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 93: 35–43.
Zhang Qiang, Xu Chongyu, Zhang Zengxin et al., 2008b. Spatial and temporal variability of precipitation maxima during 1960–2005 in the Yangtze River basin and possible association with large-scale circulation. Journal of Hydrology, 353: 215–227.
Zhang Qiang, Xu Chongyu, Zhang Zengxin et al., 2009a. Changes of temperature extremes for 1960–2004 in Far-West China. Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, 23: 721–735, doi: 10.1007/s00477-008-0252-4.
Zhang Qiang, Xu Chongyu, Zhang Zengxin et al., 2009b. Spatial and temporal variability of precipitation over China, 1951–2005. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 95: 53–68, doi: 10.1007/s00704-007-0375-4.
Zheng Hongxing, 2001. Research on the evolution law of hydrological cycle in the Yellow River basin with the support of GIS [D]. Beijing: Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS. (in Chinese)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Foundation: National Basic Research Program of China, No.2010CB428406; The Key Knowledge Innovation Project of the CAS, No.KZCX2-YW-126; Key Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40730632
Author: Chu Jianting, Ph.D, specialized in climate change, land surface processes and water resources research
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chu, J., Xia, J., Xu, C. et al. Spatial and temporal variability of daily precipitation in Haihe River basin, 1958–2007. J. Geogr. Sci. 20, 248–260 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11442-010-0248-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11442-010-0248-0