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Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing

Erschienen in:

01.05.2008 | Special Issue

Role of the cytoskeleton in flow (shear stress)-induced dilation and remodeling in resistance arteries

verfasst von: Laurent Loufrani, Daniel Henrion

Erschienen in: Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing | Ausgabe 5/2008

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Abstract

Cytoskeletal proteins determine cell shape and integrity and membrane-bound structures connected to extracellular components allow tissue integrity. These structural elements have an active role in the interaction of blood vessels with their environment. Shear stress due to blood flow is the most important force stimulating the endothelium. The role of cytoskeletal proteins in endothelial responses to flow has been studied in resistance arteries using pharmacological tools and transgenic models. Shear stress activates extracellular “flow sensing” elements associated with a thick glycocalyx communicating the signal to membrane-bound complexes (integrins and/or dystrophin-dystroglycans) and to eNOS through a pathway involving the intermediate filament vimentin, the microtubule network and actin. When blood flow increases chronically the endothelium triggers diameter enlargement and medial hypertrophy. This is facilitated by the genetic absence of the intermediate filaments, vimentin and desmin suggesting that these elements oppose the process.

Vorheriger Artikel Decomposition cross-correlation for analysis of collagen matrix deformation by single smooth muscle cells

Nächster Artikel Small artery remodelling in hypertension: causes, consequences and therapeutic implications

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Titel: Role of the cytoskeleton in flow (shear stress)-induced dilation and remodeling in resistance arteries
verfasst von: Laurent Loufrani
Daniel Henrion
Publikationsdatum: 01.05.2008
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing / Ausgabe 5/2008
Print ISSN: 0140-0118
Elektronische ISSN: 1741-0444
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11517-008-0306-2

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