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Tuning X/(TiO2) x –(SiO2)100 – x (0 < x < 40) xerogel photocatalysts

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Abstract

Microporous (TiO2) x –(SiO2)100 − x (0 < x < 40) xerogels have been produced by sol–gel methods either by partial pre-hydrolysis or reflux of tetraethoxysilane and titanium isopropoxide. These have been characterised by 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance, X-ray diffraction, EXAFS at the Ti–K edge, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, temperature-programmed reduction, FT infrared, N2 adsorption at 78 K (BET), transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering (DLS). These were dip coated onto fused silica and characterised by atomic force microscopy and UV–visible absorption. Their photoactivity in removal of alkylphenol ethoxylate TX100 from water was less than for less porous titania. The advantages of including thermally removable PEG or PPG templates in terms of increasing surface, meso-porosity and photon absorbance at visible wavelengths to give nanoengineered photocatalytic films are described.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank EPSRC, Pilkingtons and Sensa Schlumberger for support of JGL and RMM studentships and INTAS for provision of N 06-10000023-5711 Fellowship for OR.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nanomaterials Laboratory, The Wolfson Centre for Materials Processing, Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middx., UB8 3PH, London, England, UK

    P. A. Sermon

  2. Chemistry Division, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, England, UK

    J. G. Leadley, R. M. MacGibbon & O. Ruzimuradov

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  1. P. A. Sermon
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  2. J. G. Leadley
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  3. R. M. MacGibbon
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  4. O. Ruzimuradov
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Correspondence to P. A. Sermon.

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Sermon, P.A., Leadley, J.G., MacGibbon, R.M. et al. Tuning X/(TiO2) x –(SiO2)100 – x (0 < x < 40) xerogel photocatalysts. Ionics 18, 455–459 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-012-0686-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-012-0686-z

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