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A study on heat source equations for the prediction of weld shape and thermal deformation in laser microwelding

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Abstract

In the area of laser welding, numerous studies have been performed in the past decades using either analytical or numerical approaches, or both combined. However, most of the previous studies were process oriented and modeled conduction and keyhold welding differently. In this research, various heat source equations that have been proposed in previous studies were calculated and compared with a new model. This is to address the problem of predicting, by numerical means, the thermomechanical behavior of laser spot welding for thin stainless steel plates. A finite-element model (FEM) code, ABAQUS, is used for the heat transfer and mechanical analysis with a three-dimensional plane assumption. Experimental studies of laser spot welding and measurement of thermal deformation have also been conducted to validate the numerical models presented. The results suggest that temperature profiels and weld deformation vary according to the heat source equation of the laser beam. For this reason, it is essential to incorporate an accurate model of the heat source.

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Abbreviations

P(t) :

time-dependent laser power (W)

ρ(T) :

temperature-dependent density (kg m−3)

C(T) :

temperature-dependent specific heat capacity (J kg−1 K−1)

K(T) :

temperature-dependent thermal conductivity (W m−1 K−1)

Q :

power generation per unit volume in the domain (W m−3)

k n :

thermal conductivity normal to surfaces that are subject to radiation, convection, and imposed heat fluxes (W m−1 K−1)

q :

heat flux (W m−2)

h :

heat-transfer coefficient for convection (W m−2 K−1)

σ :

Stefan-Boltzmann constant for radiation (W m−2 K−4)

ε :

emissivity

T Sol :

solidus temperature (K)

T Liq :

liquidus temperature (K)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. the Nano Process Group, Korea Institute of Machinery and Material, 305-343, Daejeon, Korea

    W. -S. Chang (Senior Research Scientist)

  2. the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 305-701, Daejeon, Korea

    S. -J. NA (Professor)

Authors
  1. W. -S. Chang
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  2. S. -J. NA
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Chang, W.S., NA, S.J. A study on heat source equations for the prediction of weld shape and thermal deformation in laser microwelding. Metall Mater Trans B 33, 757–764 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-002-0029-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-002-0029-y

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