Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Cold-Spray Processing of a High Density Nanocrystalline Aluminum Alloy 2009 Coating Using a Mixture of As-Atomized and As-Cryomilled Powders

  • Peer Reviewed
  • Published:
Journal of Thermal Spray Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this work, a mixture of as-atomized and as-cryomilled powders instead of the pure as-cryomilled powder was used as feedstock to achieve high density nanocrystalline coatings by cold spraying. Cryomilled powder with nanocrystalline grains was produced by mechanical milling under liquid nitrogen and the grain size range was from 5 to 30 nm. A mixture of 30 wt.% as-atomized powder and 70 wt.% as-cryomilled powder was sprayed onto the aluminum substrates. High density coatings were attained by use of this kind of mixture, which was described as an effective method to decrease porosity in the cold-sprayed nanocrystalline coating. The functions of the as-atomized powder in the coating were discussed. The mechanical behavior of the powders and the coating were studied using nanoindentation technique.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. A.P. Alkimov, V.F. Kosarev, and A.N. Papyrin, A Method of Cold Gas Dynamic Deposition, Sov. Phys. Dokl., 1990, 35(12), p 1047-1049

    Google Scholar 

  2. H. Assadi, F. Gartner, T. Stoltenhoff, and H. Kreye, Bonding Mechanism in Cold Spray, Acta Mater., 2003, 51, p 4379-4394

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. L. Ajdelsztajn, A. Zúñiga, B. Jodoin, and E.J. Lavernia, Cold-Spray Processing of a Nanocrystalline Al-Cu-Mg-Fe-Ni Alloy with Sc, J. Therm. Spray Technol., 2006, 15(2), p 184-190

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Q. Zhang, C.J. Li, C.X. Li, G.J. Yang, and S.C. Liu, Study of Oxidation Behavior of Nanostructured NiCrAlY Bond Coatings Deposited by Cold Spraying, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2008, 202(14), p 3378-3384

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. L. Ajdelsztajn, B. Jodoin, and J.M. Schoenung, Synthesis and Mechanical Properties of Nanocrystalline Ni Coatings Produced Cold by Gas Dynamic Spraying, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2006, 201(3-4), p 1166-1172

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. T.H. Van Steenkiste, J.R. Smith, and R.E. Teets, Aluminum Coatings via Kinetic Spray with Relatively Large Powder Particles, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2002, 154(2-3), p 237-252

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. D.L. Gilmore, R.C. Dykhuizen, R.A. Neiser, T.J. Roemer, and M.F. Smith, Particle Velocity and Deposition Efficiency in the Cold Spray Process, J. Therm. Spray Technol., 1999, 8(4), p 576-582

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. A.P. Alkhimov, V.F. Kosarev, and A.N. Papyrin, Gas-Dynamic Spraying: An Experimental Study of the Spraying Process, Appl. Mech. Tech. Phys., 1998, 39(2), p 318-323

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. L. Ajdelsztajn, B. Jodoin, G. Kim, and J. Schoenung, Cold Spray Deposition of Nanocrystalline Aluminum Alloys, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2005, 36(3), p 657-666

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. E. Irissou, J.G. Legoux, B. Arsenault, and C. Moreau, Investigation of Al-Al2O3 Cold Spray Coating Formation and Properties, J. Therm. Spray Technol., 2007, 16(5-6), p 661-668

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. S. Shin, S. Yoon, Y. Kim, and C. Lee, Effect of Particle Parameters on the Deposition Characteristics of a Hard/soft-particles Composite in Kinetic Spraying, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2006, 201(6), p 3457-3461

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. S.R. Bakshi, V. Singh, K. Balani, D.G. McCartney, S. Seal, and A. Agarwal, Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Aluminum Composite Coating via Cold Spraying, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2008, 202(21), p 5162-5169

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. C.J. Li, G.J. Yang, and P.H. Gao, Characterization of Nanostructured WC-Co Deposited by Cold Spraying, J. Therm. Spray Technol., 2007, 16(4), p 1011-1020

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. M. Grujicica, J.R. Saylor, D.E. Beasleya, W.S. DeRosset, and D. Helfritchb, Computational Analysis of the Interfacial Bonding Between Feed-Powder Particles and the Substrate in the Cold-Gas Dynamic-Spray Process, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2003, 219(3-4), p 211-227

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. J. Karthikeyan, C.M. Kay, J. Lindemann, R.S. Lima, and C.C. Berndt, Cold Sprayed Nanostructured WC-Co, Thermal Spray 2001: New Surfaces for a New Millennium, Proceedings of the 2nd International Thermal Spray Conference, 2001, p 383-387

  16. G.J. Yang, F. Han, and C.J. Li, Characteristics of Photocatalytic Degradation of Phenol Over TiO2 Coatings Obtained by Various Thermal Spray Methods, Proceedings of the 5th International Seminar and the 6th China National Thermal Spraying Conference, 2002, p 56-61

  17. S.R. Tu, and Y. Gao, Metallography, China Machine Press, p 119

  18. X. Fan, Metallography of X ray, China Machine Press, Beijing, 1981, p 153

    Google Scholar 

  19. K.H. Kim, M. Watanabe, J. Kawakita, and S. Kuroda, Grain Refinement in a Single Titanium Powder Particle Impacted at High Velocity, Scr. Mater., 2008, 59, p 768-771

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. B. Jodoin, L. Ajdelsztajn, E. Sansoucy, A. Zúñiga, P. Richer, and E.J. Lavernia, Effect of Particle Size, Morphology, and Hardness on Cold Gas Dynamic Sprayed Aluminum Alloy Coatings, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2006, 201(6), p 3422-3429

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. J. Pattison, S. Celotto, A. Khan, and W. O’Neill, Standoff Distance and Bow Shock Phenomena in the Cold Spray Process, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2008, 202, p 1443-1454

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. X.Z. Liao, J.Y. Huang, and Y.T. Zhu, Nanostructures and Deformation Mechanisms in a Cryogenically Ball-Milled Al-Mg alloy, Philos. Mag., 2003, 83(26), p 3065-3075

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. J.W. Christian and S. Mahajant, Deformation Twinning, Prog. Mater. Sci., 1995, 39(1-2), p 1-157

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. C.C. Koch, Synthesis of Nanostructured Materials by Mechanical Milling: Problems and Opportunities, Nanostruct. Mater., 1997, 9(1-8), p 13-22

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. C. Suryanarayana and H.G. Norton, X-Ray Diffraction: A Practical Approach, Plenum Press, New York, 1998, p 207

    Google Scholar 

  26. J. He and J.M. Schoenung, Nanostructured Coatings, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2002, 336(1-2), p 274-319

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. J.S. Benjamin, Mechanical Alloying, Sci. Am., 1976, 234(5), p 40-48

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. H.S. Kim, D.S. Suhr, G.H. Kim, and D.W. Kum, Analysis of X-ray Diffraction Patterns from Mechanically Alloyed Al-Ti Powders, Met. Mater. Int., 1996, 2(1), p 15-21

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Z.H. Chen, Mechanical Alloying, China Machine Press, Beijing, 2006, p 257

    Google Scholar 

  30. C. Borchers, F. Gartner, T. Stoltenhoff, and H. Kreye, Microstructural Bonding Features of Cold Sprayed Face Centered Cubic Metals, J. Appl. Phys., 2004, 96(8), p 4288-4292

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. C.J. Li and W.Y. Li, Deposition Characteristics of Titanium Coating in Cold Spraying, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2003, 167(2-3), p 278-283

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. R.C. Dykhuizen and M.F. Smith, Gas Dynamic Principles of Cold Spray, J. Therm. Spray Technol., 1998, 7(2), p 205-212

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. A.C. Hall, L.N. Brewer, and T.J. Roemer, Preparation of Aluminum Coatings Containing Homogenous Nanocrystalline Spray Process, J. Therm. Spray Technol., 2008, 17(3), p 352-359

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. P.C. King, S.H. Zahiri, and M. Jahedi, Microstructural Refinement Within A Cold-sprayed Copper Particle, Metall. Mater. Trans., 2009, 40A, p 2115-2123

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China

    Y. Y. Zhang, X. K. Wu, H. Cui & J. S. Zhang

Authors
  1. Y. Y. Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. X. K. Wu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. H. Cui
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. J. S. Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to J. S. Zhang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Zhang, Y.Y., Wu, X.K., Cui, H. et al. Cold-Spray Processing of a High Density Nanocrystalline Aluminum Alloy 2009 Coating Using a Mixture of As-Atomized and As-Cryomilled Powders. J Therm Spray Tech 20, 1125–1132 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-011-9652-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-011-9652-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation