Abstract
A case study of seismic response of an earth embankment foundation on liquefiable soils in Kansai area, western Japan was presented. Based on a calibrated cyclic elasto-plastic constitutive model for liquefiable sand and Biot dynamic coupled theory, the seismic analysis was carried out by using a dynamic effective stress finite element method under plane strain condition. A recent design study was illustrated in detail for a river earth embankment subjected to seismic excitation on the saturated deposits with liquefiable sands. Simulated results of the embankment foundation during liquefaction were obtained for acceleration, displacement, and excess pore water pressures, which were considered to yield useful results for earthquake geotechnical design. The results show that the foundation soil reaches a fully liquefied state with high excess pore pressure ratios approaching to 1.0 due to the earthquake shaking. At the end of the earthquake, the extensive liquefaction causes about 1.0 m lateral spreading at the toe and 60 cm settlement at the crest of the earth embankment.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
MATSUO O. Damage to river dikes[J]. Soils Foundations, 1996, 36(1): 235–240.
TANI S. Damage to earth dams[J]. Soils Foundations, 1996, 36(1): 263–272.
KOGA Y, MATSUO O. Shaking table tests of embankments resting on liquefiable sandy ground[J]. Soils and Foundations, 1990, 30(4): 162–74.
ADALIER K, ELGAMAL A W, MARTIN G R. Foundation liquefaction countermeasures for earth embankments[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 1998, 123(6): 500–517.
ZIENKIEWICZ O C, TAYLOR R L. The finite element method[M]. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2000.
AYDINGUN O, ADALIER K. Numerical analysis of seismically induced liquefaction in earth embankment foundations: Part I[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2003, 40(4): 753–765.
ADALIER K, AYDINGUN O. Numerical analysis of seismically induced liquefaction in earth embankment foundations: Part II[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2003, 40(4): 766–779.
ELGAMAL A, PARRA E, YANG Z, ADALIER K. Numerical analysis of embankment foundation liquefaction countermeasures[J]. Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 2002, 6(4): 447–471.
LIU Hou-xiang, LI Ning, LIAO Xue. Effective stress analysis method of seismic response for high tailings dam[J]. Journal of Central South University of Technology, 2007, 14(1): 129–134.
YANG Z, ELGAMAL A, ADALIER K, SHARP M K. Earth dam on liquefiable foundation and remediation: Numerical simulation of centrifuge experiments[J]. Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 2004, 130(10): 1168–1176.
OKA F, YASHIMA A, TATEISHI A, YAMASHITA S. A cyclic elasto-plastic constitutive model for sand considering a plain-strain dependence of the shear modulus[J]. Geotechnique, 1999, 49(5): 661–680.
OKA F, YASHIMA A, SHIBATA T, KATO M, UZUOKA R. FEM-FDM coupled liquefaction analysis of a porous soil using an elasto-plastic model[J]. Applied Scientific Research, 1994, 52(3): 209–245.
SUGITO M, OKA F, YASHIMA A, FURUMOTO Y, YAMADA K. Time-dependent ground motion amplification characteristics at reclaimed land after the 1995 Hyogoken Nambu Earthquake[J]. Engineering Geology, 2000, 56(1/2): 137–150.
HUANG Y, ZHANG F, YASHIMA A. Three-dimensional numerical simulation of pile-soil seismic interaction in saturated deposits with liquefiable sand and soft clay[C]//Proceedings (CD-ROM) of the Sixth World Congress on Computational Mechanics in conjunction with the Second Asian-Pacific Congress on Computational Mechanics. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press, 2004.
HUANG Y, YASHIMA A, ZHANG F. Finite element analysis of pile-soil-structure dynamic interaction in liquefiable site[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2005, 27(6): 646–651. (in Chinese)
HUANG Y, YASHIMA A, ZHANG F, YE W M. Numerical simulation of mitigation for liquefaction-induced soil deformations in a sandy ground improved by cement grouting[J]. Environmental Geology, 2008, 55(6):1247–1252.
LEMAITRE J, CHABOCHE J L. Mechanics of solid materials[M]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.
OKA F, KODAKA T, KIM Y S. A cyclic viscoelastic-viscoplastic constitutive model for clay and liquefaction analysis of multi-layered ground[J]. International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, 2004, 28(2): 131–179.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Foundation item: Projects (40802070, 40841014) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Project (B308) supported by Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project, China
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Huang, Y., Yashima, A., Sawada, K. et al. A case study of seismic response of earth embankment foundation on liquefiable soils. J. Cent. South Univ. Technol. 16, 994–1000 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-009-0165-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-009-0165-5