Abstract
Monotectic aluminum alloys are of interest for the development of new alloys for technological applications such as self-lubricating bearings. In contrast to the well-known binary phase diagrams, many of the ternary systems are not well established. Moreover, in a ternary monotectic alloy one may encounter the four-phase equilibrium L′+L″+solid1+solid2, whereas in a binary system only a three-phase equilibrium L′+L″+solid1 is possible. This opens a window for generating entirely new monotectic microstructures. The basis for such developments is the knowledge of the ternary phase diagrams and the conditions under which such four-phase reactions or different extensions of the binary monotectic reactions may form. This work presents a systematic classification of monotectic ternary aluminum alloys, illustrated by real systems. The study employs thermodynamic calculations of the ternary phase diagrams.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
L. Ratke and S. Diefenbach, “Liquid Immiscible Alloys,” Mat. Sc. Eng. R, R15 (7–8) (1995), pp. 263–347.
J.Z. Zhao et al., “Microstructure Evolution in Immiscible Alloys during Rapid Directional Solidification,” Z. Metallkd., 95 (2004), pp. 362–368.
J.L. Meijering, “Phasenlehre,” Philips’ Technische Rundschau, 26 (1965), pp. 224–239.
M.T.Z. Butt and C. Bodsworth, “Liquid Immiscibility in Ternary Metallic Alloys,” Mater. Sci. Technol., 7 (9) (1991), pp. 795–802.
L. Kautman and H. Bernstein, Computer Calculation of Phase Diagrams (New York: Academic Press, 1970).
Y. Austin Chang et al., “Phase Diagram Calculation: Past, Present and Future,” Progr. Mater. Science, 49 (2004), pp. 313–345.
Pandat-Phase Diagram Calculation Engine for Multicomponent Systems (CompuTherm LLC, 437 S. Yellowstone Dr., Suite 217, Madison, Wisconsin).
S.-L. Chen et al., “Calculating Phase Diagrams using PANDAT and PanEngine,” JOM, 55 (12) (2003), pp. 48–51.
ADAMIS Thermodynamic Database, version 8 (Tokyo, Japan: Interscience Ltd., 2002).
N. Saunders, “System Al-Cu,” COS1507 Thermochemical Database for Light Metal Alloys (Luxembourg: European Communities, 1998), pp. 28–33.
I. Ansara, private communication (1986); (SGTESSOL database).
I. Ansara et al., “A Binary Database for III-V Compound Semiconductor System,” Calphad, 18 (2) (1994), pp. 177–222.
S. Fries and H.L. Lukas, “System Al-Sn,” COST507-Thermochemical Database for Light Metal Alloys (Luxembourg: European Communities, 1998), pp. 81–82.
J.-H. Shim et al., “Thermodynamic Assessment of the Cu-Sn System,” Z. Metallkd., 87 (1996), pp. 205–212.
J. Gröbner et al., “Experimental Investigations and Thermodynamic Calculation in the Al-Mg-Sc System,” Z. Metallkd., 90 (11) (1999), pp. 872–880.
J. Gröbner, D. Mirković, and R. Schmid-Fetzer, “Monotectic Four-Phase Reaction in Al-Bi-Zn Alloys,” Acta Materialica (in press).
R. Schmid-Fetzer and J. Gröbner, “Focused Development of Magnesium Alloys Using the Calphad Approach,” Adv. Eng. Mater., 3 (12) (2001), pp. 947–961.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
For more information contact Rainer Schmid-Fetzer, Institute of Metallurgy, Clausthal University of Technology, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany. Fax +49-5323-723120; e-mail schmidfetzer@tu-clausthal.de
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gröbner, J., Schmid-Fetzer, R. Phase transformations in ternary monotectic aluminum alloys. JOM 57, 19–23 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-005-0110-5
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-005-0110-5