Abstract
This paper proposes an unequal error protection (UEP) coding method to improve the transmission performance of three-dimensional (3D) audio based on expanding window fountain (EWF). Different from other transmissions with equal error protection (EEP) when transmitting the 3D audio objects. An approach of extracting the important audio object is presented, and more protection is given to more important audio object and comparatively less protection is given to the normal audio objects. Objective and subjective experiments have shown that the proposed UEP method achieves better performance than equal error protection method, while the bits error rates (BER) of the important audio object can decrease from 10–3 to 10–4, and the subjective quality of UEP is better than that of EEP by 14%.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ahmad S, Hamzaoui R, Al-Akaidi M M. Unequal error protection using fountain codes with applications to video communication [J]. IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, 2011, 13(1): 92–101.
Luby M. LT codes[C]// Proc 43rd Ann IEEE Symp on Foundations of Computer Science. Washington D C: IEEE Press, 2002.
Shokrollahi A. Raptor codes [J]. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 2006, 52(6): 2551–2567.
Hamzaoui R, Stankovic V, Xiong Z. Optimized error protection of scalable image bit streams advances in joint source-channel coding for images [J]. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 2005, 22(6): 91–107.
Yang C, Hu R M, Su L C, et al. A 3D audio coding technique based on extracting the distance parameter [C] // IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME). Washington D C: IEEE Press, 2014: 1–6.
Herre J, Hilpert J, Kuntz A, et al. MPEG-H audio—The new standard for universal spatial/3D audio coding [J]. Journal of the Audio Engineering Society, 2015, 62(12): 821–830.
MacKay D J C. Fountain codes [J]. IEE Proceedings— Communications, 2005, 152(6): 1062–1068.
Luby M, Mitzenmacher M, Shokrollahi M A. Analysis of random processes via And-Or Tree evaluation[C] // SODA. 1998, 98: 364–373.
Sejdinovic D, Vukobratovic D, Doufexi A, et al. Expanding window fountain codes for unequal error protection [J]. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 2009, 57(9): 2510–2516.
Arslan S S, Cosman P C, Milstein L B. Generalized unequal error protection LT codes for progressive data transmission [J]. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 2012, 21(8): 3586–3597.
Qu T, Xiao Z, Gong M, et al. Distance-dependent head-related transfer functions measured with high spatial resolution using a spark gap [J]. IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing, 2009, 17(6): 1124–1132.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Foundation item: Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program, 2015AA016306), the National Natural Science Foundation of China ( 61662010, 61231015, 61471271), Science and Technology Plan Projects of Shenzhen (ZDSYS2014050916575763), Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province ( LKS[2011]1)
Biography: YANG Cheng, male, Ph.D. candidate, research direction: audio coding and processing.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yang, C., Hu, R., Song, Y. et al. Unequal error protection based on expanding window fountain for object-based 3D audio. Wuhan Univ. J. Nat. Sci. 22, 323–328 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11859-017-1254-1
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11859-017-1254-1