Skip to main content
Log in

Does Self-directedness in Learning and Careers Predict the Employability of Low-Qualified Employees?

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Vocations and Learning Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Employability has become a key element in sustaining successful vocational careers. The role of self-directedness is considered paramount in maintaining one’s employability. However, it also requires certain competences on part of employees to invest in learning and career development. This study examines the influence of self-directedness in learning and career of low-qualified employees on their employability. In a follow-up study of 284 low-qualified employees, we find that higher levels of self-directedness in learning and career of employees corresponds with higher chance to be promoted to higher-level job positions (vertical job mobility). However, no relationship was found between different formats of self-directedness and job retention or horizontal job mobility of lower qualified personnel.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abele, A. E., & Wiese, B. S. (2008). The nomological network of self-management strategies and career success. Journal of Occupational and Organisational Psychology, 81, 733–749.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Agresti, A. (1996). An introduction to categorical data analysis. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Armstrong-Stassen, M., & Schlosser, F. (2008). Benefits of a supportive development climate for older workers. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 23(4), 419–437.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arnold, J., & Randall, R. (2005). Work psychology. London: Pearson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beausaert, S., Segers, M., van der Rijt, J., & Gijselaers, W. (2011). The use of personal development plans in the workplace: A literature review. In P. van den Bossche, W. Gijselaers, & R. Milter (Eds.), Building learning experiences in a changing world, Advances in Business Education and Training III (pp. 235–265). Dordrecht: Springer.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Berings, M., Poell, R., & Simons, R. (2005). Conceptualizing on-the-job learning styles. Human Resource Development Review, 4, 373–400.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berntson, E., Sverke, M., & Marklund, S. (2006). Predicting perceived employability: human capital or labor market opportunities? Economic and Industrial Democracy, 27(2), 223–244.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boekaerts, M. (1999). Self-regulated learning: where we are today. International Journal of Educational Research, 31, 445–457.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boekaerts, M., & Minnaert, A. (1999). Self-regulation with respect to informal learning. International Journal of Educational Research, 31, 533–544.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brace, N., Kemp, R., & Snelgar, R. (2003). SPSS for psychologists. A guide to data analysis using SPSS for windows. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brockett, R. G., & Hiemstra, R. (1991). Self-direction in adult learning: Perspectives on theory, research, and practice. New York: Routledge, Chapman, and Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, P., Hesketh, A., & Williams, S. (2003). Employability in a knowledge-driven economy. Journal of Education and Work, 16(2), 107–126.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Büchel, F., De Grip, A., & Mertens, A. (2003). Overeducation in Europe: Current issues in theory and policy. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

    Google Scholar 

  • De Grip, A., Van Loo, J., & Sanders, J. (2004). The Industry Employability Index: taking account of supply and demand characteristics. International Labor Review, 143(3), 211–233.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deci, E. L., Ryan, R. M., & Williams, G. C. (1996). Need satisfaction and the self-regulation of learning. Learning and Individual Differences, 8, 165–183.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Drucker, P. F. (1993). Post capitalist society. New York: Harper Business.

    Google Scholar 

  • Forrier, A., & Sels, L. (2005). Career counseling in the new career era. Career types and the perceived need for career counseling. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Academy Management, Honolulu, Hawaii.

  • Hillage, J., & Pollard, E. (1998). Employability: developing a framework for policy analysis, DfEE Research Briefing No. 85. Retrieved March 21, 2006, from http://www.employment-studies.co.uk/summary/summary.php?id=emplblty.

  • Jones, C., & Bergmann Lichtenstein, B. M. (2000). The ‘Architecture’ of careers: how career competences reveal firm dominant logic in professional services. In M. A. Peiperl, M. B. Arthur, R. Goffee, & T. Morris (Eds.), Career frontiers: New conceptions of working lives (pp. 153–176). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Judge, T. A., Cable, D. M., Boudreau, J. W., & Bretz, R. D. (1995). An empirical investigation of the predictors of executive career success. Personnel Psychology, 48, 485–519.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • King, Z. (2004). Career self-management: its nature, causes and consequences. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 65, 112–133.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kirpal, S. (2004). Researching work identities in a European context. Career Development International, 9(3), 199–221.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kohn, M. L., & Schooler, C. (1982). Job conditions and personality: a longitudinal assessment of their reciprocal effects. The American Journal of Sociology, 87(6), 1257–1286.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kuijpers, M. (2003). Loopbaanontwikkeling. Onderzoek naar ‘competenties’ [Career development. Research on ‘competencies’]. Enschede: Twente University Press.

  • Long, H. B., & Morris, S. S. (1995). Self-directed learning in business and industry: A review of the literature. In H. B. Long & Ass. (Eds.), New dimensions in self-directed learning (pp. 367–380). Public Managers Center, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma.

  • Marx, S., Ramioul, M., & Sels, L. (2004). Wordt de bandwerker winkeljuffrouw? Functie- en scholingsstructuren in Vlaamse organisaties [Does the hand worker becomes a shop-assistant? Job and qualification structures in Flemish Organisations]. Panel Survey of Organisations in Flanders (PASO). Leuven: Hoger instituut voor de arbeid.

  • Moore, D. S., & McCabe, G. P. (2006). Introduction to the practise of statistics. New York: W.H. Freeman & Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nauta, A., van Vianen, A., van der Heijden, B., van Dam, K., & Willemsen, M. (2009). Understanding the factors that promote employability orientation: the impact of employability culture, career satisfaction, and role breath self-efficacy. Journal of Occupational and Organisational Psychology, 82(2), 233–251.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nevala, A. M. (2007). The employment impact of the opening of electricity and gas markets. Birmingham: Ecotec.

    Google Scholar 

  • Owen, T. R. (2002). Self-directed learning in adulthood: a literature review. (ERIC Document Reproduction service No. ED461050).

  • Peng, C. Y. J., Lee, K. L., & Ingersoll, G. M. (2002). An introduction to logistic regression analysis and reporting. The Journal of Educational Research, 96(1), 34–45.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Poell, R. F., van Dam, K., & van den Berg, P. T. (2004). Organizing learning in work contexts. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 53(4), 529–540.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pollet, I., De Weerdt, Y., Van Hootegem, G., & De Witte, H. (2000). Pizza’s, software en jobs? Laaggeschoold en dienstverlenend: Met hoeveel zijn ze, wat doen ze? [Pizza’s, software and jobs? Low-educated and working in the service sector: How many are there, what do they do?]. Viona-project in opdracht van het Ministerie van Werkgelegenheid en Toerisme, Leuven: K. U. Leuven, Hiva.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prince, J. B. (2003). Career opportunity and organisational attachment in a blue-collar unionized environment. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 63(3), 136–150.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Raemdonck, I. (2006). Self-directedness in learning and career processes. A study in lower-qualified employees in Flanders. Doctoral Dissertation. Ghent: Ghent University.

  • Raemdonck, I., Thijssen, J., & Valcke, M. (2005). Self-directedness in learning and career processes. Lifelong Learning in Europe, 10(2), 76–81.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raemdonck, I., Plomp, I., & Segers, M. (2008). Obsolete or up-to-date? The role of self-directed learning orientation and job characteristics. Paper presented at the EARLI 4th SIG 14 Conference Learning and Professional Development, Jyväskylä, Finland.

  • Sanders, J., & de Grip, A. (2004). Training, task flexibility and the employability of low-skilled workers. International Journal of Manpower, 25(1), 73–89.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seibert, S. E., Kraimer, M. L., & Crant, J. M. (1999). Proactive personality and career success. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84, 416–427.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seibert, S. E., Kraimer, M. L., & Crant, J. M. (2001). What do proactive people do? A longitudinal model linking proactive personality and career success. Personnel Psychology, 54, 845–874.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van der Heijde, C. M., & Van der Heijden, B. I. J. M. (2006). A competence-based and multidimensional operationalization and measurement of employability. Human Resource Management, 45(3), 449–476.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Loo, J. (2005). Training, labor market outcomes, and self-management. Doctoral Dissertation. Research Centre for Education and the Labor Market. Utrecht: Utrecht University.

  • Vuori, J., & Vesalainen, J. (1999). Labor market interventions as predictors of re-employment, job seeking activity and psychological distress among the unemployed. Journal of Occupational and Organisational Psychology, 72(4), 523–538.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Isabel Raemdonck.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Raemdonck, I., Tillema, H., de Grip, A. et al. Does Self-directedness in Learning and Careers Predict the Employability of Low-Qualified Employees?. Vocations and Learning 5, 137–151 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12186-011-9072-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12186-011-9072-7

Keywords

Navigation