Abstract
Microtremor measurements become one of the widely accepted tools to evaluate the site response characteristics since the last two decades. These measurements have been conducted at four sites inside King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia to estimate the resonance frequency and the associated amplitude of sediments. Microtremor measurements have been recorded for 24 h with a sampling frequency of 100 Hz in the range from 0.2 to 25 Hz band-pass filter. Origin of the identified peaks has been tested. The estimated peaks are correlated with borehole geotechnical data: (1) the first peak with an average frequency of 8.25 Hz that reflects the impedance contrast between the uppermost surface soil and the underlying completely weathered limestone and (2) the second peak of 1.43 Hz which corresponds to the impedance contrast between the completely weathered limestone and the underlying limestone rocks. In addition, the relation between sediment thickness and resonance frequency has been assessed. Based on the results of this study, it can be stated that microtremor measurements are capable to estimate thickness of sedimentary overburden. These results will support for seismic safety in case of civil engineering constructs in KACST area.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abdel-Rahman K, Abdel-Aal AK, El-Hady SM, Mohamed AA, Abdel-Moniem E (2012) Fundamental site frequency estimation at new Domiat city, Egypt. Arab J Geosci 5:653–661
Al-Malki M, Fnais M, Al-Amri A, Abdelrahman K (2014) Estimation of fundamental frequency in Dammam City, Eastern Saudi Arabia. Arab J Geosci. doi:10.1007/s12517-014-1337-5
Alyousef K, Al-Amri A, Fnais M, Abdelrahman K, Loni (2014) Site effect evaluation for Yanbu city urban expansion zones, western Saudi Arabia, using microtremor analysis. Arab J Geosci. doi:10.1007/s12517-014-1310-5
Anbazhagan P, Sitharam TG (2006) Evaluation of dynamic properties and ground profiles using MASW: correlation between Vs and N60. Proceedings of 13th Symposium on Earthquake Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, December 18–20, Paper No. 008
Bonnefoy-Claudet S, Cornou C, Bard P, Cotton F, Moczo P, Kristek J, Faeh D (2006a) H/V ratio: a tool for site effect evaluation. Results from 1-D noise simulations. Geophys J Int 167:827–837
Bonnefoy-Claudet S, Cotton F, Bard P (2006b) The nature of noise wave-field and its applications for site effects studies. A literature review. Earth Sci Rev 79(3–4):205–227
Delgado J, Lopez Casado C, Estevez AC, Giner J, Cuenca A, Molina S (2000) Mapping soft soils in the Segura river valley (SE Spain): a case study of microtremors as an exploration tool. J Appl Geophys 45:19–32
Field E, Jacob KH (1993) The theoretical response of sedimentary layers to ambient seismic noise. Geophys Res Lett 20(24):2925–2928
Fnais MS, Abdel-Rahman K, Al-Amri AM (2010) Microtremor measurements in Yanbu City of western Saudi Arabia: a tool of seismic microzonation. J King Saud Univ- Sci (ElSEVIER). doi:10.1016/j.jksus.2010.02.006
Foti S, Parolai S, Bergamo G, Di Giulio G, Maraschini M, Milana G, Picozzi M, Puglia R (2011) Surface wave surveys for seismic site characterization of accelerometric stations in ITACA. Bull Earthq Engin 9(6):1797–1820. doi:10.1007/s10518-011-9306-y
Soil and Foundation Company (2007) Geotechnical investigation report for the proposed KACST project, 60 p
Ibs-von Seht M, Wohlenberg J (1999) Microtremor measurements used to map thickness of soft sediments. Bull Seismo Soc Am 89:250–259
Konno K, Ohmachi T (1998) Ground-motion characteristics estimated from spectral ratio between horizontal and vertical components of microtremors. Bull Seism Soc Am 88:228–241
Lachet C, Bard PY (1994) Numerical and theoretical investigations on the possibilities and limitations of the Nakamura’s technique. J Phys Earth 42:377–397
Lermo J, Chavez-Garcia FJ (1993) Site effect evaluation using spectral ratios with only one station. Bull Seism Soc Am 83:1574–1594
Lermo J, Chavez-Garcia FJ (1994) Are microtremors useful in site response evaluation? Bull Seism Soc Am 84:1350–1364
Malagnini L, Tricarico P, Rovelli A, Herrmann RB, Opice S, Biella G, de Franco R (1996) Explosion, earthquake and ambient noise recording in a Pliocene sediment-filled valley: inferences on seismic response properties by reference- and non-reference-site techniques. Bull Seism Soc Am 86:670–682
Motamed R, Ghalandarzadeh A, Tawhata I, Tabtabaei SH (2007) Seismic microzonation and damage assessment of Bam City, southeastern Iran. J Earthq Eng 11:110–132
Mucciarelli M (1998) Reliability and applicability of Nakamura’s technique using microtremors: an experimental approach. J Earthq Eng 4:625–638
Nakamura Y (1989) A method for dynamic characteristics estimation of subsurface using microtremor on the ground surface. Quat Rep Rail Tech Res Inst RTRI 30(1):25–33
Nogoshi M, Igarashi T (1970) On the propagation characteristics of microtremors. J Seismol Soc Japan 23:264–280 (in Japanese with English abstract)
Ohmachi T, Nakamura Y, Toshinawa T (1991) Ground motion characteristics of the San Francisco bay area detected by microtremor measurements. Second International Conference on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics, St. Louis, Missouri, 1643–1648
Parolai S, Bormann P, Milkereit C (2002) New relationships between Vs, thickness of sediments, and resonance frequency calculated by the H/V ratio of seismic noise for the Cologne area (Germany). Bull Seismo Soc Am 92:2521–2526
SESAME Project (2004) Site effects using ambient excitations. http://sesame-fp5.obs.ujf-grenoble.fr
Rao P, Kumar R, Seshunarayana M, Shukla T, Suresh AK, Pandey G, Raju Y, Pimprikar R, Chandra Das S, Gahalaut K, Mishra P, Gupta H (2011) Site amplification studies towards seismic microzonation in Jabalpur urban area, central India. Phys Chem Earth 36:1247–1258
Seed HB, Idriss IM, Arango I (1983) Evaluation of liquefaction potential using field performance data. J Geotech Eng 109(3):458–482
Seekins L, Wennerberg L, Margheriti L, Hsi-Ping L (1996) Site amplification at five locations in San Francisco, California: a comparison of S waves, codas and microtremors. Bull Seism Soc Am 86:627–635
Sitharam TG, Anbazhagan P, Mahesh GU, Bharathi KB, Nischala Reddy P (2005) Symposium on seismic hazard analysis and microzonation, Sept. 23–24, Roorkee, India
Skempton AW (1986) Standard penetration test procedures. Geotechnique 36(3):425–447
Sobaih M, kamal Abdel-Rahman, Mady M (2008) Estimation of dynamic characteristics of existing common reinforced concrete buildings in Egypt using ambient vibrations. Proceedings of the 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, 12–17 Oct., pp 1–8
Teves-Costa Matias PL, Bard PY (1996) Seismic behavior estimation of thin alluvium layers using microtremor recordings. Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 15:201–209
Theodulidis N, Bard PY, Archuleta R, Bouchon M (1996) Horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio and geological conditions: the case of Garner valley down-hole in Southern California. Bull Seism Soc Am 68:767–779
Vaslet D, Muallem M, Brosse J, Fournieuet J, Breton J, Le Nindre Y (1991) Geologic map of the Ar Riyad Quadrangle, Sheet 24 I. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabian Deputy Ministry for Mineral Resources (DGMR) Geoscience Map GM-121 C, scale 1: 250000.
Acknowledgements
This project was supported by the King Saud University, deanship of scientific research, college of science research center.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Alyousef, K., Aldamegh, K., Abdelrahman, K. et al. Evaluation of site response characteristics of King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia using microtremors and geotechnical data. Arab J Geosci 8, 5181–5188 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-014-1542-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-014-1542-4