Skip to main content
Log in

Evolving spiking neural network—a survey

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Evolving Systems Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper provides a comprehensive literature survey on the evolving Spiking Neural Network (eSNN) architecture since its introduction in 2006 as a further extension of the ECoS paradigm introduced by Kasabov in 1998. We summarize the functioning of the method, discuss several of its extensions and present a number of applications in which the eSNN method was employed. We focus especially on some proposed extensions that allow the processing of spatio-temporal data and for feature and parameter optimisation of eSNN models to achieve better accuracy on classification/prediction problems and to facilitate new knowledge discovery. Finally, some open problems are discussed and future directions highlighted.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. http://www.theneucom.com

  2. In Schliebs et al. (2009a) a slightly different definition of the firing threshold was introduced that deviates from the original description presented in Wysoski et al. (2006b).

References

  • Angelov P, Filev D, Kasabov N (2008) Guest editorial evolving fuzzy systems—preface to the special section. IEEE Trans Fuzzy Syst 16(6):1390–1392. doi:10.1109/TFUZZ.2008.2006743

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Angelov P, Filev D, Kasabov N (eds) (2010) Evolving intelligent systems: methodology and applications. Wiley, Hoboken

  • Arbib M (ed) (2003) The handbook of brain theory and neural networks, 2nd edn. MIT Press, Cambridge

  • Benuskova L, Jain V, Wysoski SG, Kasabov N (2006) Computational neurogenetic modeling: a pathway to new discoveries in genetic neuroscience. Int J Neural Syst 16(3):215–227

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Benuskova L, Kasabov N (2007) Computational neurogenetic modelling. Springer, New York

  • Bohte SM, Kok JN, Poutré JAL (2002) Error-backpropagation in temporally encoded networks of spiking neurons. Neurocomputing 48(1–4):17–37

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Carpenter G, Grossberg S, Markuzon N, Reynolds J, Rosen D (1991) Fuzzy ARTMAP: A neural network architecture for incremental supervised learning of analogue multi-dimensional maps. IEEE Trans Neural Netw 3(5):698–713

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • de Sousa HC, Riul Jr A (2002) Using MLP networks to classify red wines and water readings of an electronic tongue. Braz Symp Neural Netw 0, 13. doi:10.1109/SBRN.2002.1181428

  • Defoin-Platel M, Schliebs S, Kasabov N (2007) A versatile quantum-inspired evolutionary algorithm. In: IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, CEC’07, pp 423–430. IEEE Press, Singapore

  • Defoin-Platel M, Schliebs S, Kasabov N (2009) Quantum-inspired evolutionary algorithm: A multimodel EDA. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 13(6):1218–1232. doi:10.1109/TEVC.2008.2003010

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Delorme A, Gautrais J, VanRullen R, Thorpe S (1999) SpikeNET: a simulator for modeling large networks of integrate and fire neurons. http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/delorme99spikenet.html

  • Delorme A, Thorpe SJ (2001) Face identification using one spike per neuron: resistance to image degradations. Neural Netw 14(6–7):795–803

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Delorme A, Perrinet L, Thorpe SJ (2001) Networks of integrate-and-fire neurons using rank order coding B: Spike timing dependent plasticity and emergence of orientation selectivity. Neurocomputing 38(40):539–545

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Delorme A, Thorpe SJ (2003) SpikeNET: an event-driven simulation package for modelling large networks of spiking neurons. Netw Comput Neural Syst 14:613–627. doi:10.1088/0954-898X/14/4/301

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dias D, Madeo R, Rocha T, Biscaro H, Peres S (2009) Hand movement recognition for brazilian sign language: a study using distance-based neural networks. In: International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, 2009. IJCNN 2009. pp 697–704. doi:10.1109/IJCNN.2009.5178917

  • Fritzke B (1995) A growing neural gas network learns topologies. In: Tesauro G, Touretzky DS, Leen TK (eds) Advances in neural information processing systems, vol 7. MIT Press, Cambridge, pp 625–632

  • Fusi S, Annunziato M, Badoni D, Salamon A, Amit DJ (2000) Spike-driven synaptic plasticity: theory, simulation, vlsi implementation. Neural Comput Appl 12(10):2227–2258

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gerstner W, Kistler WM (2002) Spiking neuron models: single neurons, populations, plasticity. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

  • Goodman D, Brette R (2008) Brian: a simulator for spiking neural networks in python. BMC Neuroscience 9(Suppl 1):P92 doi:10.1186/1471-2202-9-S1-P92

  • Grossberg S (1982) Studies of the mind and brain. Reidel, Boston,

  • Hamed H, Kasabov N, Shamsuddin S (2009) Integrated feature selection and parameter optimisation for evolving spiking neural networks using quantum inspired particle swarm optimisation. In: International Conference on Soft Computing and Pattern Recognition, pp 695–698. IEEE Press

  • Hamed H, Kasabov N, Shamsuddin S (2010) Probabilistic evolving spiking neural network optimization using dynamic quantum-inspired particle swarm optimization. Aust J Intel Inf Process Syst 11(1):23–28

    Google Scholar 

  • Hamed HNA, Shamsuddin SM, Kasabov N (2011) Quantum-inspired particle swarm optimization for feature selection and parameter optimization in evolving spiking neural networks for classification tasks. In: Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, pp 133–148. InTech, AUT

  • Hisada M, Ozawa S, Zhang K, Kasabov N (2010) Incremental linear discriminant analysis for evolving feature spaces in multitask pattern recognition problems. Evol Syst 1:17–27. doi:10.1007/s12530-010-9000-3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huang L, Song Q, Kasabov N (2008) Evolving connectionist system based role allocation for robotic soccer. Int J Adv Rob Syst 5:59–62

    Google Scholar 

  • Indiveri G, Linares-Barranco B, Julia Hamilton T, Van Schaik A, Etienne-Cummings R, Delbruck T, Liu SC, Dudek P, Häfliger P, Renaud S, Schemmel J, Cauwenberghs G, Arthur J, Hynna K, Folowosele F, Saighi S, Serrano-Gotarredona T, Wijekoon J, Wang Y, Boahen K (2011) Neuromorphic silicon neuron circuits. Front Neurosci :1–23. doi:10.3389/fnins.2011.00073

  • Johnston SP, Prasad G, Maguire L, McGinnity TM (2010) An fpga hardware/software co-design towards evolvable spiking neural networks for robotics applications. Int J Neural Syst 20(6):447–461

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kasabov N (1998a) ECOS: Evolving connectionist systems and the ECO learning paradigm. In: Usui S, Omori T (eds) The Fifth international conference on neural information processing, ICONIP’98, pp 1232–1235. IOA Press, Kitakyushu, Japan

  • Kasabov N (1998b) Evolving fuzzy neural networks-algorithms, applications and biological motivation. In: Yamakawa T, Matsumoto G (eds) Methodologies for the conception design and application of soft computing, pp 271–274. World Scientific, Singapore

  • Kasabov N (2001a) Evolving fuzzy neural networks for supervised/unsupervised online knowledge-based learning. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern B Cybern 31(6):902–918. doi:10.1109/3477.969494

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kasabov N (2001b) On-line learning, reasoning, rule extraction and aggregation in locally optimized evolving fuzzy neural networks. Neurocomputing 41(14):25–45. doi:10.1016/S0925-2312(00)00346-5

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Kasabov N (2002) Evolving connectionist systems. Methods and applications in bioinformatics, brain study and intelligent machines. perspectives in neural computing. Springer, London

  • Kasabov N, Song Q (2002) DENFIS: dynamic evolving neural-fuzzy inference system and its application for time-series prediction. IEEE Trans Fuzzy Syst 10(2):144–154. doi:10.1109/91.995117

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kasabov N, Benuskova L, Wysoski S (2005) A computational neurogenetic model of a spiking neuron. In: IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, 2005 IJCNN ’05. Proceedings 2005, vol 1, pp 446–451. doi:10.1109/IJCNN.2005.1555872

  • Kasabov N (2006) Adaptation and interaction in dynamical systems: Modelling and rule discovery through evolving connectionist systems. Appl Soft Comput 6(3):307–322. doi:10.1016/j.asoc.2005.01.006

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kasabov N (2007) Evolving connectionist systems: the knowledge engineering approach, second edn. Springer, New York, Secaucus, NJ, USA

  • Kasabov N (2008) Adaptive modeling and discovery in bioinformatics: the evolving connectionist approach. Int J Intell Syst 23(5):545–555. doi:10.1002/int.20282

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kasabov N (2010) To spike or not to spike: a probabilistic spiking neuron model. Neural Netw 23(1):16–19. doi:10.1016/j.neunet.2009.08.010

  • Kasabov N, Hu Y (2010) Integrated optimisation method for personalised modelling and case studies for medical decision support. Int J Funct Inf Personal Med 3(3):236–256. doi:10.1504/IJFIPM.2010.039123

    Google Scholar 

  • Kasabov K, Schliebs R, Kojima H (2011) Probabilistic computational neurogenetic modeling: From cognitive systems to alzheimer’s disease. IEEE Trans Auton Ment Dev 3(4):300–311. doi:10.1109/TAMD.2011.2159839

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kasabov N (2012a) Evolving, probabilistic spiking neural networks and neurogenetic systems for spatio-and spectro-temporal data modelling and pattern recognition. Nat Intel INNS Mag 1(2):23–37

    Google Scholar 

  • Kasabov N (2012b) Neucube evospike architecture for spatio-temporal modelling and pattern recognition of brain signals. In: Mana, Schwenker, Trentin (eds) ANNPR, pp 225–243. Springer LNAI, Heidelberg, Germany

  • Kasabov N, Dhoble K, Nuntalid N, Indiveri G (2013) Dynamic evolving spiking neural networks for on-line spatio- and spectro-temporal pattern recognition. Neural Netw. In print

  • Kohavi R, John GH (1997) Wrappers for feature subset selection. Artif Intell 97(1-2):273–324. doi:10.1016/S0004-3702(97)00043-X

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Kohonen T (1997) Self-organizing maps, second edn. Springer, Berlin

  • Komijani M, Lucas C, Araabi B, Kalhor A (2012) Introducing evolving takagisugeno method based on local least squares support vector machine models. Evol Syst 3:81–93. doi:10.1007/s12530-011-9043-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lichtsteiner P, Delbruck T (2005) A 64x64 aer logarithmic temporal derivative silicon retina. Res Microelectron Electron 2:202–205. doi:10.1109/RME.2005.1542972

    Google Scholar 

  • Lin CT, Lee CSG (1996) Neuro fuzzy systems. Prentice Hall

  • Loiselle S, Rouat J, Pressnitzer D, Thorpe S (2005) Exploration of rank order coding with spiking neural networks for speech recognition. In: IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, IJCNN ’ 05, vol 4, pp 2076–2080. doi:10.1109/IJCNN.2005.1556220

  • Maass W, Natschläger T, Markram H (2002) Real-time computing without stable states: a new framework for neural computation based on perturbations. Neural Comput 14(11):2531–2560. doi:10.1162/089976602760407955

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Meng Y, Jin Y, Yin J, Conforth M (2010) Human activity detection using spiking neural networks regulated by a gene regulatory network. In: The 2010 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), pp 1–6. doi:10.1109/IJCNN.2010.5596340

  • Ozawa S, Toh SL, Abe S, Pang S, Kasabov N (2005) Incremental learning of feature space and classifier for face recognition. Neural Netw 18(56):575–584. doi:10.1016/j.neunet.2005.06.016

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ozawa S, Pang S, Kasabov N (2008) Incremental learning of chunk data for online pattern classification systems. IEEE Trans Neural Netw 19(6):1061–1074. doi:10.1109/TNN.2007.2000059

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Perrinet L, Delorme A, Samuelides M, Thorpe SJ (2001) Networks of integrate-and-fire neuron using rank order coding A: how to implement spike time dependent Hebbian plasticity. Neurocomputing 38(40):817–822

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Platt J (1991) A resource-allocating network for function interpolation. Neural Comput 3(2):213–225. doi:10.1162/neco.1991.3.2.213

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Rabiner L, Juang BH (1993) Fundamentals of speech recognition. Prentice-Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River

  • Riul A, de Sousa HC, Malmegrim RR, dos Santos DS, Carvalho ACPLF, Fonseca FJ, Oliveira ON, Mattoso LHC (2004) Wine classification by taste sensors made from ultra-thin films and using neural networks. Sens Actuators B Chem 98(1):77–82. doi:10.1016/j.snb.2003.09.025

    Google Scholar 

  • Schaffer JD, Eshelman L, Offutt D (1991) Foundations of Genetic algorithms, chap. Spurious correlations and premature convergence in genetic algorithms. Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, pp 102–112

  • Schliebs S, Defoin-Platel M, Kasabov N (2009a) Integrated feature and parameter optimization for an evolving spiking neural network. In: Köppen M, Kasabov NK, Coghill GG (eds) Advances in neuro-information processing, 15th international conference, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 5506, pp 1229–1236. Springer, Heidelberg. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-02490-0_149

  • Schliebs S, Defoin-Platel M, Worner S, Kasabov N (2009b) Integrated feature and parameter optimization for an evolving spiking neural network: exploring heterogeneous probabilistic models. Neural Netw 22(5–6):623–632. doi:10.1016/j.neunet.2009.06.038

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schliebs S, Defoin-Platel M, Worner S, Kasabov N (2009c) Quantum-inspired feature and parameter optimisation of evolving spiking neural networks with a case study from ecological modeling. In: International joint conference on neural networks, IEEE—INNS - ENNS, vol 0, pp 2833–2840. IEEE Computer Society, Los Alamitos. doi:10.1109/IJCNN.2009.5179049

  • Schliebs S (2010) Heterogeneous probabilistic models for optimisation and modelling of evolving spiking neural networks. Ph.D. thesis, Auckland University of Technology. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/963

  • Schliebs S, Defoin-Platel M, Kasabov N (2010a) Analyzing the dynamics of the simultaneous feature and parameter optimization of an evolving spiking neural network. In: The 2010 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), pp 1–8. doi:10.1109/IJCNN.2010.5596548

  • Schliebs S, Defoin-Platel M, Kasabov N (2010b) On the probabilistic optimization of spiking neural networks. Int J Neural Syst 20(6):481–500

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schliebs S, Nuntalid N, Kasabov N (2010c) Towards spatio-temporal pattern recognition using evolving spiking neural networks. In: Wong K, Mendis B, Bouzerdoum A (eds) Neural information processing, theory and algorithms, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 6443, pp 163–170. Springer Berlin. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-17537-4_21

  • Schliebs S, Hamed HNA, Kasabov N (2011) A reservoir-based evolving spiking neural network for on-line spatio-temporal pattern learning and recognition. In: 18th international conference on neural information processing, no 7063 in LNCS, pp 160–168. Springer, Heidelberg/Shanghai

  • Schliebs S, Fiasché M, Kasabov N (2012) Constructing robust liquid state machines to process highly variable data streams. In: International Conference on Neural Networks (ICANN’12), LNCS, pp 604–611. Springer, Heidelberg/Lausanne, Switzerland

  • Soltic S, Wysoski S, Kasabov N (2008) Evolving spiking neural networks for taste recognition. In: IEEE World congress on computational intelligence (WCCI), Hong Kong, pp 2091–2097. doi:10.1109/IJCNN.2008.4634085

  • Soltic S, Kasabov N (2010) Knowledge extraction from evolving spiking neural networks with rank order population coding. Int J Neural Syst 20(6):437–445. doi:10.1142/S012906571000253X

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Song Q, Kasabov N (2006) TWNFI—a transductive neuro-fuzzy inference system with weighted data normalization for personalized modeling. Neural Netw 19(10):1591–1596. doi:10.1016/j.neunet.2006.05.028

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Swope J (2012) ARTdECOS, adaptive evolving connectionist model and application to heart rate variability. Evol Syst 3:95–109. doi:10.1007/s12530-012-9049-2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thorpe SJ (1990) Spike arrival times: a highly efficient coding scheme for neural networks. In: Eckmiller R, Hartmann G, Hauske G (eds) International Conference on Parallel Processing in Neural Systems, pp 91–94. Elsevier, North-Holland

  • Thorpe SJ, Gautrais J (1996) Rapid visual processing using spike asynchrony. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 9, NIPS, pp 901–907. MIT Press, Denver

  • Thorpe SJ, Fize D, Marlot C (1996) Speed of processing in the human visual system. Nature 381:520–522. doi:10.1038/381520a0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thorpe SJ (1997) How can the human visual system process a natural scene in under 150 ms? On the role of asynchronous spike propagation. In: ESANN. D-Facto public

  • Thorpe SJ, Gautrais J (1998) Rank order coding. In: CNS ’97: Proceedings of the 6th annual conference on Computational neuroscience: trends in research, 1998, pp 113–118. Plenum Press, New York

  • Thorpe SJ, Delorme A, van Rullen R (2001) Spike-based strategies for rapid processing. Neural Netw 14(6–7):715–725

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thorpe SJ, Guyonneau R, Guilbaud N, Allegraud JM, VanRullen R (2004) SpikeNet: real-time visual processing with one spike per neuron. Neurocomputing 58(60):857–864. doi:10.1016/j.neucom.2004.01.138

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Rullen R, Gautrais J, Delorme A, Thorpe S (1998) Face processing using one spike per neurone. Biosyst Eng 48(1–3):229–239

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Rullen R, Thorpe SJ (2001) Rate coding versus temporal order coding: What the retinal ganglion cells tell the visual cortex. Neural Comput 13(6):1255–1283. doi:10.1162/08997660152002852

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Watts M (2009) A decade of Kasabov’s evolving connectionist systems: a review. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern C Appl Rev 39(3):253–269. doi:10.1109/TSMCC.2008.2012254

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wysoski SG, Benuskova L, Kasabov N (2006a) On-line learning with structural adaptation in a network of spiking neurons for visual pattern recognition. In: Artificial Neural Networks ICANN 2006, pp 61–70. Springer, Berlin. doi:10.1007/11840817_7

  • Wysoski SG, Benuskova L, Kasabov NK (2006b) Adaptive learning procedure for a network of spiking neurons and visual pattern recognition. In: Advanced Concepts for Intelligent Vision Systems, pp 1133–1142. Springer, Berlin. doi:10.1007/11864349_103

  • Wysoski SG, Benuskova L, Kasabov N (2007) Text-independent speaker authentication with spiking neural networks. In: ICANN (2), vol 4669/2007, pp 758–767. Springer, Berlin. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-74695-9_78

  • Wysoski SG (2008) Evolving spiking neural networks for adaptive audiovisual pattern recognition. Ph.D. thesis, Auckland University of Technology. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/390

  • Wysoski SG, Benuskova L, Kasabov N (2008a) Adaptive spiking neural networks for audiovisual pattern recognition. In: Neural Information Processing: 14th International Conference, ICONIP 2007, pp 406–415. Springer, Berlin. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-69162-4_42

  • Wysoski SG, Benuskova L, Kasabov N (2008b) Fast and adaptive network of spiking neurons for multi-view visual pattern recognition. Neurocomputing 71(13–15):2563–2575. doi:10.1016/j.neucom.2007.12.038

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wysoski S, Benuskova L, Kasabov N (2010a) Brain-like evolving spiking neural networks for multimodal information processing. In: Hanazawa A, Miki T, Horio K (eds) Brain-inspired information technology, studies in computational intelligence, vol 266, pp 15–27. Springer, Berlin. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-04025-2_3

  • Wysoski SG, Benuskova L, Kasabov N (2010b) Evolving spiking neural networks for audiovisual information processing. Neural Netw 23(7):819–835. doi:10.1016/j.neunet.2010.04.009

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zuppicich A, Soltic S (2009) FPGA implementation of an evolving spiking neural network. In: Köppen M, Kasabov NK, Coghill GG (eds) Advances in Neuro-Information Processing, 15th international conference, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 5506, pp 1129–1136. Springer, Heidelberg. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-02490-0_137

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Stefan Schliebs.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Schliebs, S., Kasabov, N. Evolving spiking neural network—a survey. Evolving Systems 4, 87–98 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12530-013-9074-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12530-013-9074-9

Keywords

Navigation