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Experimental and numerical investigation on thermal fluid–structure interaction on ceramic plates in high enthalpy flow

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Abstract

A detailed knowledge of the fluid–structure interaction in hypersonic flows is important for the design of future space transportation systems. The thermal aspect of such an interaction was investigated with the help of a generic model in the arc-heated wind tunnel L3K at the German Aerospace Center in Cologne. Flat and curved panels of the fibre-reinforced ceramics C/C-SiC with and without anti-oxidation coating where used. Several configurations with and without back plane insulation were tested at \(10^\circ\) and \(20^\circ\) angle of attack. The panel heating was measured with an infrared camera, several thermocouples and pyrometers. The experimental results show the influence of the shape as well as of radiation cooling and radiation heating. The experiments also reveal the effect of additional heating due to recombination of atomic oxygen on the surface. At certain configurations a local temperature peak moved over the panel. This thermal wave is also influenced by the silicon carbide coating. The analysis is supported by coupled fluid and structure simulations.

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Abbreviations

DLR:

German Aerospace Center

L3K:

Arc-heated wind tunnel 3 at DLR in Cologne

TPS:

Thermal protection system

AoA:

Angle of attack

w/o:

Without

\(c_\mathrm{f}\) :

Skin friction coefficient

\(\mathrm{Ma}_\infty\) :

Mach number in the free stream

\(v_\infty\) :

Flow velocity in the free stream

\(T_\infty\) :

Static temperature in the free stream

\(p_\infty\) :

Static pressure in the free stream

x :

X-coordinate (origin at test panel’s leading edge)

y :

Y-coordinate (origin in symmetry plane)

z :

Z-coordinate

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Acknowledgments

This project is financially supported by the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft—DFG) within the Transregional Collaborative Research Centre 40 (Sonderforschungsbereich Transregio 40). Many thanks go to Fabian Breede and Martin Frieß for the fabrication of the ceramic panels for the experiments. The help and advice of the technical staff of the Supersonic and Hypersonic Technology Department in Cologne is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Supersonic and Hypersonic Technology Department, Institute of Aerodynamics and Flow Technology, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany

    Sebastian Willems, Burkard Esser & Ali Gülhan

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  1. Sebastian Willems
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  2. Burkard Esser
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  3. Ali Gülhan
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Correspondence to Sebastian Willems.

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Willems, S., Esser, B. & Gülhan, A. Experimental and numerical investigation on thermal fluid–structure interaction on ceramic plates in high enthalpy flow. CEAS Space J 7, 483–497 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12567-015-0101-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12567-015-0101-5

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