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Landslides Triggered by the 2020 Qiaojia Mw5.1 Earthquake, Yunnan, China: Distribution, Influence Factors and Tectonic Significance

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Abstract

On May 18, 2020, an Mw5.1 earthquake occurred in Qiaojia County, Yunnan Province, China. This moderate-sized event triggered massive coseismic landslides, resulting in some damage. In this work, through visual interpretation of high-resolution (0.8–2 m) Gaofen satellite images before and after the earthquake, 167 landslides were delineated, 18 of which were inspected in the field. Using the landslide number density (LND) and landslide area percentage (LAP), we characterized the spatial distribution of these landslides, and analyzed their possible influence factors and tectonic significance. The results show that these landslides are distributed mostly in the NW-SE direction, roughly parallel to the long axis of seismic intensity zones and the strike of the Xiaohe-Baogunao fault (XBF). The LND and LAP decrease with increasing distances to the fault and from the epicenter to fault ends of the XBF. These permit to suggest that the seismogenic fault of the Qiaojia earthquake is likely a hidden branch of the XBF. All of the landslides induced by this event occurred in the region with the seismic intensity of six degrees or greater of the 2014 Mw6.2 Ludian earthquake. Therefore, it was inferred that the 2020 Qiaojia earthquake was probably the subsequent release of accumulated elastic strain after the 2014 Ludian earthquake in a same tectonic stress regime.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 42077259) and the National Institute of Natural Hazards, Ministry of Emergency Management of China (No. ZDJ2019-31). We thank Shoubiao Zhu for providing us an original view of Fig. 9. We wish to thank the associate editors and two anonymous reviewers for their useful suggestions to improve the manuscript. The final publication is available at Springer via https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-021-1492-1.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute of Natural Hazards, Ministry of Emergency Management of China, Beijing, 100085, China

    Xiangli He, Chong Xu, Wenwen Qi, Jia Cheng & Xiwei Xu

  2. Key Laboratory of Compound and Chained Natural Hazards Dynamics (Under Construction), Ministry of Emergency Management of China, Beijing, 100085, China

    Xiangli He, Chong Xu & Wenwen Qi

  3. China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China

    Yuandong Huang

  4. China Earthquake Networks Center, Beijing, 100045, China

    Qi Yao

  5. Yunnan Earthquake Agency, Kunming, 650224, China

    Yongkun Lu & Boyang Dai

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  1. Xiangli He
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  2. Chong Xu
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  3. Wenwen Qi
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  4. Yuandong Huang
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Correspondence to Chong Xu.

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He, X., Xu, C., Qi, W. et al. Landslides Triggered by the 2020 Qiaojia Mw5.1 Earthquake, Yunnan, China: Distribution, Influence Factors and Tectonic Significance. J. Earth Sci. 32, 1056–1068 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-021-1492-1

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