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Recycling Wastes in Concrete Production: Performance and Eco-toxicity Assessment

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Abstract

The growing concern about the environmental sustainability, the risk of natural resources depletion and the increase amount of wastes generation endorse the need to develop new materials, namely for the construction industry. However, both the technical performance and the environmental behaviour of new materials are key factors in their acceptance. In this work it was intended to evaluate the effect of aggregates substitution by different wastes in the concrete production. Wastes from local industries (biomass fly ashes and lime sludge) were used for replacing 50 and 100% of the natural fine aggregates. The fresh and hardened properties of the concrete samples were evaluated and the environmental eco-toxicity was assessed by bioassays using duckweed and microorganisms as biomarkers. Bioleaching tests were done with the same materials in order to evaluate the concrete effect in biological activity. The results showed that the addition of wastes to the concrete mix lead to a slight decrease in the compressive strength when fly ashes were used (3%), but 35% decrease when lime was the replacing waste. The duckweed grow did not show different performances between conventional concrete and concrete produced with fly ashes or lime sludge but bioleaching revealed possible negative effect in micro species when compared with control. In bacterial growth the effect was more evident with a significant different behaviour between the control and the concrete assays, but also with the traditional concrete showing a higher negative effect in the development of microorganisms.

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Acknowledgements

This paper is an extension of the work presented at ICEER2017 and published in Energy Procedia. This work is financed by national funds through FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, I.P., under the project UID/Multi/04016/2016. Furthermore, we would like to thank the Instituto Politécnico de Viseu and CI&DETS for their support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental Department, Superior School of Technology and Management of Viseu, 3504-510 Vise., CI&DETS, Politecnic Institute of Viseu, 3504-510, Viseu, Portugal

    Isabel Brás & Maria Elisabete Silva

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, Superior School of Technology and Management - Politecnic Institute of Viseu, 3504-510, Viseu, Portugal

    Paulo Costeira Silva & Ricardo M. S. F. Almeida

  3. CONSTRUCT-LFC, Faculdade de Engenharia (FEUP), Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal

    Ricardo M. S. F. Almeida

  4. LEPABE Laboratório de Engenharia de Processos, Ambiente, Biotecnologia e Energia, Faculdade de Engenharia (FEUP), Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal

    Maria Elisabete Silva

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  1. Isabel Brás
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Correspondence to Isabel Brás.

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Brás, I., Silva, P.C., Almeida, R.M.S.F. et al. Recycling Wastes in Concrete Production: Performance and Eco-toxicity Assessment. Waste Biomass Valor 11, 1169–1180 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-018-0382-y

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