Abstract
The aim of this work is to introduce a possible double ‘I’ environment that deepens the importance of the linkages between innovation and internationalization (2I) as crucial drivers of economic growth. In this specific case, we aim to provide possible research scenarios that take into account the international dynamics of a national system of innovation. In a world where more and more innovation is developed outside the boundaries of a company (or a research lab) and where open innovation is the new paradigm, we suppose that the geographical borders of a nation should bound no model at all. Provided the difficulties already explored in the literature in measuring innovation and the complexity of analysing a phenomenon like the open innovation, a quadruple helix model could be a suitable representation. Adding the ‘civil society’ as fourth dimension is a necessary step in order to have all the actors of the open innovation paradigm in place. Furthermore, we suppose that the international perspective will influence three helices in a positive way, provided the necessary support by the government helix. Finally, we will investigate possible relation between the level of internationalization of a country and its effort in research and development (R&D), as a first empirical step into the idea of a double I environment. Yet, further and deeper studies are needed to understand the nature of relations and interdependency of these variables, and we have to take particularly into account how different variables definition affects work construction validity.
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Notes
The Global Innovation Index is an annual publication mostly aimed to provide a composite indicator ranking countries/economies in terms of their enabling propensity to innovation and their related outputs. Since 2013, Cornell University joined INSEAD and the World Intellectual Property Organization as co-publisher.
Responsible Research and Innovation is a transparent, interactive process by which societal actors and innovators become mutually responsive to each other with a view to the (ethical) acceptability, sustainability and societal desirability of the innovation process and its marketable products (in order to allow a proper embedding of scientific and technological advances in our society).
All the definition in cursive are taken directly from World Bank database.
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Distefano, F., Gambillara, G. & Di Minin, A. Extending the Innovation Paradigm: a Double ‘I’ Environment and Some Evidence from BRIC Countries. J Knowl Econ 7, 126–154 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-015-0299-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-015-0299-7