Abstract
Cassava starch production waste (cassava pulp) has been proposed as a high potential ethanolic fermentation substrate due to its high residual starch level and the small particle size of the lignocellulosic fibers. Saccharification of the residual starch from a 3% (w/v) dry weight basis (DS) of cassava pulp by α-amylase (100°C, 10 min) and glucoamylase (60°C, 2 h) resulted in a glucose yield of 22.6 g/l [67.8% (w/w) DS of cassava pulp] and in lignocellulosic fibers at 0.5 g/g DS cassava pulp. Pretreatment of the lignocellulosic fiber with dilute sulfuric acid and calcium hydroxide at 121°C, 15 lb/in2 for 30 min increased and decreased, respectively, its susceptibility to cellulase hydrolysis. Under the optimal conditions found, pretreatment of 6% (w/v) DS lignocellulosic fiber by 2% (w/v) H2SO4 for 30 min, followed by saccharification by cellulase (40°C, 9 h), yielded a glucose level of 26.6 g/l [79.8% (w/w) DS of the cassava pulp]. The starch and lignocellulosic fiber hydrolysates obtained from 30 g cassava pulp and 60 g H2SO4 pretreated lignocellulosic fiber were fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, without the need for (NH4)2SO4 supplementation, to yield ethanol levels of 9.9 and 11.9 g/l, respectively, after 48 h.
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Acknowledgments
The authors thank Dr. Robert Butcher for critical reading of this manuscript. This study was financially supported by the Thai Government Stimulus Package 2 (TKK 2555), under the Project for Establishment of Comprehensive Center for Innovation Food, Health Products and Agriculture, the Ratchadapisek Somphot Endowment Fund (AG 001B) and the Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR). We thank two anonymous referees for their helpful comments that improved this manuscript.
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Akaracharanya, A., Kesornsit, J., Leepipatpiboon, N. et al. Evaluation of the waste from cassava starch production as a substrate for ethanol fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Ann Microbiol 61, 431–436 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-010-0155-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-010-0155-8