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On-X Heart Valve Prosthesis: Numerical Simulation of Hemodynamic Performance in Accelerating Systole

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Abstract

Numerical simulation of the bileaflet mechanical heart valves (BMHVs) has been of interest for many researchers due to its capability of predicting hemodynamic performance. A lot of studies have tried to simulate this three-dimensional complex flow in order to analyze the effect of different valve designs on the blood flow pattern. However, simplified models and prescribed motion for the leaflets were utilized. In this paper, transient complex blood flow in the location of ascending aorta has been investigated in a realistic model by fully coupled simulation. Geometry model for the aorta and the replaced valve is constructed based on the medical images and extracted point clouds. A 23-mm On-X Medical BMHV as the new generation design has been selected for the flow field analysis. The two-way coupling simulation is conducted throughout the accelerating phase in order to obtain valve dynamics in the opening process. The complex flow field in the hinge recess is captured precisely for all leaflet positions and recirculating zones and elevated shear stress areas have been observed. Results indicate that On-X valve yields relatively less transvalvular pressure gradient which would lower cardiac external work. Furthermore, converging inlet leads to a more uniform flow and consequently less turbulent eddies. However, the leaflets cannot open fully due to middle diffuser-shaped orifice. In addition, asymmetric butterfly-shaped hinge design and converging orifice leads to better hemodynamic performance. With the help of two-way fluid solid interaction simulation, leaflet angle follows the experimental trends more precisely rather than the prescribed motion in previous 3D simulations.

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Acknowledgment

The Authors of this paper would like to appreciate the helps and advices from all members of the Cardiovascular Hemodynamic Research Group which is a collaboration between the University of Tehran and Pars Hospital.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Statement of Human Studies

No human studies were carried out by the authors for this article.

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No animal studies were carried out by the authors for this article.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center of Excellence in Design and Optimization of Energy Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

    Nima Mirkhani & Pedram Hanafizadeh

  2. Biomedical Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Louvain, Belgium

    Mohammad Reza Davoudi

  3. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Pars Hospital, Tehran, Iran

    Daryoosh Javidi

  4. Cardiovascular Department, Pars Hospital, Tehran, Iran

    Niloofar Saffarian

Authors
  1. Nima Mirkhani
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Correspondence to Pedram Hanafizadeh.

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Associate Editor Ajit P. Yoganathan oversaw the review of this article.

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Mirkhani, N., Davoudi, M.R., Hanafizadeh, P. et al. On-X Heart Valve Prosthesis: Numerical Simulation of Hemodynamic Performance in Accelerating Systole. Cardiovasc Eng Tech 7, 223–237 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13239-016-0265-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13239-016-0265-y

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