It has been frequently stated that the degree of graphitization of carbon depends chiefly on the highest temperature of heat treatment and only slightly on the other conditions of heat treatment. In this investigation, however, it was found that an ambient gas phase has a relatively large effect on graphitization of carbon. A petroleum coke and a carbon black were heat-treated at various temperatures in air, nitrogen, argon and carbon dioxide. The lattice constant Co and the crystallite size Lc were determined by means of X-ray diffraction. The experiments have shown that the degree of graphitization of carbon depends not only on the highest temperature but also on the kind of the ambient gas phase during the heat treatment. Oxygen in the ambient gas phase seems to accelerate the graphitization and carbon dioxide has a similar but lesser effect, while no noticeable influence was detected in case of nitrogen and argon.
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