Alloys of the FeRh system as a new class of working material for magnetic refrigerators

doi:10.1016/0011-2275(92)90352-B

Cryogenics

Volume 32, Issue 10, 1992, Pages 867-872

https://doi.org/10.1016/0011-2275(92)90352-B Get rights and content

Abstract

The temperature dependences of initial magnetic permeability, specific heat capacity and magnetocaloric effect in annealed and quenched samples of Fe₄₈Rh₅₁ alloys near the antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic (AF-F) first-order phase transition have been investigated. The application of a magnetic field of about 2 T to a quenched sample of this alloy at 308.2 K causes a temperature drop of 12.9 K under adiabatic conditions. The magnetocaloric temperature changes were combined with zero-field specific heat data to construct T-S and T-Δ(S_m = S_e) diagrams for various heat-treated samples of Fe₄₉Rh₅₁ alloys and on the basis of these diagrams the refrigerant capacity of alloys was evaluated. The value of the refrigerant capacity of a quenched sample of the alloy at a field of 1.95 T is 135.22 J kg⁻¹ T⁻¹. This value is significantly greater than the refrigerant capacities of well known magnetocaloric materials. The possibility of using the AF-F transition in FeRh alloys for magnetocaloric refrigeration is assessed.

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Citation Excerpt :
where H is the applied magnetic field, μ0 is the magnetic permeability, and M is the magnetic moment. The following, materials have been found to exhibit this effect: Laves phases [217], Gd [217], Gd5(Ge,Si)4, and the related Gd5(SixGe4-X) alloys [214,218], La0.8Ca0.2MnO3 [219], La(Fe,Si)13, AlFe2B2 [217], Tb5Si2Ge2 [220], MnAs and MnAs1-xSbx compounds [221], MnFeP0.45As0.55 and related MnFeOxAs1-x alloys [222], FeRh [223], Fe2P-based alloys [224]. Heusler alloys based on Ni-Mn-X (X = Ga, In, Sn, Sb) also are materials that exhibit a magnetocaloric effect.
Heusler alloys, discovered serendipitously at the beginning of the twentieth century, have emerged in the twenty-first century as exciting materials for numerous remarkable functional applications, including spintronics and thermos-electric devices.
The basic structural characteristic is an ordered structure with a face-centered cubic (FCC) superlattice and a body-centered cubic (BCC) unit cell. This structure separates the atoms into distances not encountered in their pure state nor disordered solid solutions and this provides the opportunity for exploring a range of novel material properties. The original alloy, Cu₂MnSn, exhibited ferromagnetism, in spite of the fact that none of the three constituent elements show this behavior in their pure state. Heusler alloys have become a broad class of materials with designations including Full Heusler (with stoichiometry X₂Y₁Z₁), Half Heusler (with stoichiometry X₁Y₁Z₁), Inverse Heusler (IH), Binary, and Quaternary Heusler (QH). This class of materials is exiting the laboratories, where they were a curiosity and the object of basic investigations, to technological applications. We review here the steps that led to the discovery of these materials, the fundamental principles behind their magnetic and electronic properties, their mechanical properties, and the magnetic shape memory effect that some of them exhibit. The computational design of Heusler alloys is also presented, including the general workflow of the high-throughput computational material design approach, the best-known computational techniques for establishing materials stability, the proper choice of materials descriptors, and the applications of the emerging machine learning approach in the accelerated materials design. We conclude the review article with a discussion of the current challenges and future directions in the field.

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PaperAlloys of the FeRh system as a new class of working material for magnetic refrigerators

Abstract

Phys Lett A

Phys Lett

J Magn Magn Mater

Phys Lett

Phys Lett

Magnetocaloric effects in rare-earth magnetics

Usp Fiz Nauk

The antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic transition in iron-rhodium alloys

J Phys C: Met Phys

Magnetothermal device for converting heat energy to electrical and mechanical energy

Magnetothermal engine, USSR Inventor's Certificate

Paper
Alloys of the FeRh system as a new class of working material for magnetic refrigerators