Physical chemistry of glass surfaces

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Abstract

Six typical problem areas requiring improved understanding of glass surfaces are identified. Results obtained from several surface-analysis instruments show that five types of surfaces are characteristic of a silicate glass at any time in its history. The type of surface is dependent on the environmental history of the glass and may be defined in terms of surface compositional profiles. Several important glass surface topics of current interest are discussed. These include: corrosion mechanisms; mixed-alkali effect; surface passivation with solution ions; protective film formation; the role of CaO, R2O/SiO2 and Al2O3 in glass corrosion; glass surface area to solution volume ratio; relevance of autoclave procedures in durability tests; and bioglass-bone bonding mechanisms.

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