Solar-heated-air receivers

doi:10.1016/0038-092X(77)90051-2

Solar Energy

Volume 19, Issue 2, 1977, Pages 139-147

https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-092X(77)90051-2 Get rights and content

Abstract

Receiver design alternatives for a central tower, heat-air receiver of a solar/gas turbine electrical generation plant are considered. Apertured and unapertured, domed-surface and -cavity receivers are examined and losses such as incident flux reflection and reradiation from the receiver are included. The receiver, constructed of ceramic domes that are individually cooled by impingement-jet heat-transfer techniques, is designed to supply heated air at 1800°F and operate in a pressurized condition at a pressure ratio of four. It is shown that high thermal conversion efficiencies (80–90%) may be achieved with cavity receivers where the interior cavity surfaces are formed from single or multiple domes. The efficiencies of surface receiver elements are found to be substantially less than those of cavities, from 54 to 70 per cent. The difference lies in the higher reradiation flux losses of surface receivers.

Resumen

Son consideradas alternativas de diseño de receptores para una torre central de calentamiento de aire de una planta solar de generación eléctrica con turbina de gas. Son examinadas superficies y cavidades de cúpulas receptores, diafragmadas o no, y se incluyen las pérdidas tales como la reflexión del flujo incidente y la rerradiación desde el receptor. Se diseñó el receptor, construido de cúpulas cerámicas refrigeradas individualmente por técnicas de transferencia de calor por choque de chorres, para proveer aire calentado a 1.800°F y operar en condiciones de presurización de cuatro veces. Se muestra que pueden ser obtenidos rendimientos altos (80 a 90%) con receptores de cavidad en los que las mismas están formadas por una o varias cúpulas. Se encontró que los receptores de superficie tienen rendimientos substancialmente menores que los de cavidad, de 54 a 70%. La diferencia se debe a la gran rerradiación de los receptores de superficie.

Résumé

On considère différentes études de récepteur pour une tour centrale, un récepteur à air chaud pour une centrale électrique solaire avec turbine à gaz. On examine des récepteurs ouverts ou non, à surface en forme de dôme et en forme de cavité, et on inclue des pertes telles que la réflexion du flux incident et la réémission du récepteur. Le récepteur, construit à partir de dômes de céramique qui sont refroidis individuellement par des techniques de transfert de chaleur avec collision d'un jet, est conçu pour fournir de l'air à 1800°F et fonctionner dans des conditions de pressurisation telles qu'on ait un rapport de pression de 4. On montre que des rendements élevés de conversion thermique (80–90%) peuvent être atteints avec des récepteurs en forme de cavité dans lesquels les surfaces intérieures de la cavité sont formées d'un ou plusieurs dômes. On a trouvé que les rendements de éléments de la surface réceptrice sont substantiellement moindres que ceux des cavités, de 54 à 70%. La différence réside dans les pertes plus fortes de flux réémis par les récepteurs de la surface.

References (9)

P.O. Jarvinen
Solar-heated-air turbine generating systems
M.A. Krenzke et al.
The elastic buckling strength of spherical glass shells
H.H. Sawat
Absorption of thermal radiation in a hemispherical cavity
Heat Transfer
(1970)

There are more references available in the full text version of this article.

Cited by (6)

Conjugate heat transfer analysis of an impinging receiver design for a dish-Brayton system
2015, Solar Energy
Citation Excerpt :
However, due to the low cooling efficiency of the traditional forced convection on the cooling side, the published data show that the cavity receivers still work with relatively high temperature peaks on the absorber surfaces as well as high temperature differences between the absorber surfaces and the working fluid (Hischier et al., 2012a; Strumpf et al., 1982). In order to reduce the impacts of the flux peak to the uniformity of the temperature distribution on the cylindrical cavity surface in traditional cavity receiver designs (Hischier et al., 2012a; Strumpf et al., 1982), impinging cooling technology was introduced in the authors’ previous work together with an inverse design method (IDM) (Wang et al., 2014), after almost 40 years since it was first introduced in solar air receiver design in 1970s by Jarvinen (1977). This IDM design method, which based on a combination of a ray-tracing model and a heat transfer analytical model, is developed for quickly finding possible cavity receiver design with relative uniform surface temperature.
An impinging receiver design has been developed for a small scale solar dish-Brayton system. A numerical conjugate heat transfer model combined with a ray-tracing model, based on the boundary conditions of the micro gas turbine and the EuroDish system, has been used for studying the thermal performance of an impinging receiver. According to the results of the preliminary estimation by an inverse design method, four possible impinging nozzle arrangements have been studied by the numerical model based on a 240 mm diameter and 3 mm wall thickness cavity. The inverse design method has been verified to be an efficient way in reducing the calculation costs during the design procedure. Furthermore, the impacts of the cavity diameter and the wall thickness have also been studied.
An inverse design method for a cavity receiver used in solar dish Brayton system
2014, Solar Energy
Citation Excerpt :
Moreover, multiple jets’ may be applied if a large cooling or heating area needs to be covered. Impinging heat transfer was introduced in solar air receiver design in 1970s by Jarvinen (1977), however, there seems to be only few new contributions in the following almost 40 years. In this paper, impinging technology again is introduced to a solar cavity air receiver conceptual design.
An inverse design method is developed in order to quickly find possible cavity receiver designs with relative uniform cavity wall surface temperature for a solar dish cavity receiver. In this design method, a heat transfer model of the absorber wall is used for analyzing the main heat transfer process between the cavity wall outer surface, the inner surface and the working fluid. Furthermore, a ray-tracing model based on the parameters of a real dish is utilized for obtaining the solar radiative boundary conditions for the heat transfer model. Impinging jet cooling technology is introduced due to its high heat transfer coefficient in the stagnation area, which can be used for cooling the peak flux on the cavity wall. After applying a well-designed impinging system, the temperature peak on the peak flux region in traditional receiver designs can be mitigated without introducing any over pressure drop problem.
High temperature solar gas heating comparison between packed and fluidized bed receivers-I
1983, Solar Energy
Present investigation has been concerned with high temperature gas heating through porous media (SiC and ZrO₂ particles) in both a fluidized bed receiver and a packed bed receiver. As a rule, gases being transparent to solar radiation, the porous media act as (i) an absorber (ii) a gas-solid heat exchanger. The main thermal features of the systems have been measured using the 6.5 kW solar furnace of the “Laboratoire d'Energétique Solaire” in Odeillo, France. Theoretical approach, temperature profile, gas outlet temperature as a function of mean flux density, and thermal efficiency of the receiver have been reported. Great improvements of the thermal efficiency may be expected from the newly designed receivers.
La mise en oeuvre des milieux poreux comme récepteur solaire en vue du chauffage d'un gaz à haute température par rayonnement solaire semble particulièrement intéressant. En effet les gaz étant, en général, pratiquement transparents au rayonnement, l'énergie absorbée par le solide est transféerée au fluide en mouvement par convection. Le milieu poreux joue alors le double rôle d'absorbeur solaire et d'échangeur de chaleur. Nous avons étudié deux types de récepteur: un lit fixe et un lit fluidisé formé de deux types de matériaux: zircone et carbure de silicium. L'étude expérimentale menée à l'aide du concentrateur solaire de 6.5 kW du Laboratoire d'Energétique solaire d'Odeillo a permis (a) de vérifier la validité du modèle théorique (b) de mesurer le niveau de température atteint en fonction du flux solaire incident (c) d'établir l'efficacité thermique des récepteurs. Les nouveaux dispositifs proposés doivent permettre une augmentation notable de l'efficacité thermique en réduisant les pertes radiatives.
Heat transfer-A review of 1977 literature
1978, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer
Numerical Investigation of the Temperature Distribution of a Solar Cavity Receiver Wall Using Finite Element Method
2018, Energy, Environment, and Sustainability
Thermal performance characteristics of a microchannel gas heater for solar heating applications
2021, Energies

^☆: Presented at the I.S.E.S. International Solar Energy Congress and Exposition, Los Angeles, California (28 July–1 Aug. 1975).

^☆☆: This work was sponsored by the Department of the Air Force and the MIT Energy Laboratory.

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ArticleSolar-heated-air receivers☆,☆☆

Abstract

Resumen

Résumé

Solar-heated-air turbine generating systems

The elastic buckling strength of spherical glass shells

Absorption of thermal radiation in a hemispherical cavity

Heat Transfer

Article
Solar-heated-air receivers☆,☆☆