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Disposable piezoelectric vibration sensors with PDMS/ZnO transducers on printed graphene-cellulose electrodes
2020, Sensors and Actuators, A: PhysicalCitation Excerpt :Although not biodegradable (i.e., decomposed directly by micro-organisms), the chemical and mechanical properties of PDMS are considered to be nontoxic and environmentally benign [4,5]. If hydrophobic PDMS enters the municipal waste water system it becomes part of the sludge that can be safely incinerated or buried in a landfill [6]. Once in the soil, PDMS can hydrolyze to small water soluble monomeric dimethylsilanediol (DMSD) which can microbially degrade to CO2 and inorganic silicate which is naturally present in soil [7,8].
Enhanced styrene removal in a two-phase partitioning bioreactor operated as a biotrickling filter: Towards full-scale applications
2017, Chemical Engineering JournalCitation Excerpt :Therefore, high amounts of silicone oils are currently treated in municipal WWTPs. As a matter of fact, more than 95% of silicones are removed in WWTPs [30,31]. The small leak of silicone oil observed during this study indicates that there are no additional concerns during water renewal in usual TPPB-BTF operation for VOC removal.
Cyclic and linear siloxanes in indoor air from several northern cities in Vietnam: Levels, spatial distribution and human exposure
2017, ChemosphereCitation Excerpt :Occurrence of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4; 72.9 μg g−1) decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5, 1110 μg g−1) and total linear siloxanes (L4-L14; 1.02 mg g−1) was reported in shampoos and hair conditioners (Lu et al., 2011). Siloxanes also were reported to occur in silicon rubber products (Kawamura et al., 2001), electrical devices, healthcare products, cosmetics, cookware, sealants, and household cleaning products (Watts et al., 1995; Environment Canada, 2011). The environmental occurrence and distribution of siloxanes were reported in several previous studies (Xu et al., 2015).
Advancements of vertically aligned liquid crystal displays
2016, MicronCitation Excerpt :Thereupon, materials for instance polyimides that can promote vertical LC alignment and later patterned VA technique (Moore and Dasheff, 1988) have been widely used. PDMS polymer has excellent chemicophysical properties and widely used for microfluidic systems, bio-medical applications and optical devices (Knobler, 1994; Geissler and Xia, 2004; Qin et al., 1996; Jeong et al., 2006; Tarbague et al., 2010; Lien et al., 2007; Lim et al., 2007), additionally with environment friendly characteristics (Frye, 1988; Tolle et al., 1995; Watts et al., 1995). Recently, Lim et al. (2008) used PDMS in LCD as a polymer film to form an alignment surface.
A survey of cyclic and linear siloxanes in indoor dust and their implications for human exposures in twelve countries
2015, Environment InternationalCitation Excerpt :Remarkable concentrations of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4; 72.9 μg/g), D5 (1110 μg/g), and total linear siloxanes (L4–L14; 1.02 mg/g) were reported in shampoos and hair conditioners in China (Lu et al., 2011). Siloxanes were also found in siliconized rubber products (Kawamura et al., 2001), electrical devices, healthcare products, cosmetics, cookware, sealants, and household cleaning products (Watts et al., 1995; Environment Canada, 2011). The occurrence of siloxanes in environmental media was reported in several earlier studies.