Response analyses on along-wind and across-wind vibrations of tall buildings in time domain

doi:10.1016/0167-6105(93)90317-H

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Volumes 46–47, August 1993, Pages 497-506

https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(93)90317-H Get rights and content

Abstract

This study discusses the application of a numerical simulation technique to estimate wind-induced vibrations of tall buildings. We simulated fluctuating wind forces acting on a tall building in along-wind and across-wind directions using the technique which was developed by Tamura et al.(1988). The power spectrum of the fluctuating wind force in along wind direction is expressed as the product of the power spectrum of the fluctuating windspeed and the aerodynamic admittance. While, in the case of the across-wind direction, the power spectrum of the lift force is approximated by a mathematical expression based on wind tunnel data. These techniques are proceeded to use for analyses of the along-wind and across-wind vibrations of tall buildings, estimating displacement and acceleration. Further analyses of the response of a building installed with a Tuned Mass Damper(TMD) are also carried out to examine its efficiency.

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The effectiveness of tuned mass and liquid column dampers (TMD and TLCD systems) in reducing the along-wind and crosswind vibrations of tall buildings is parametrically investigated. A numerical example of a tall building is presented and the structure is modeled as a multi-degrees-of-freedom vertical cantilever beam with beam elements and the masses lumped at the nodes. The responses of the structure are determined using frequency-domain analysis and random vibration theory. The study is carried out parametrically and the effects of various parameters such as basic wind speed, damper mass, and the geometric characteristics of the TLCD system are discussed. The results indicate that both TMD and TLCD systems effectively reduce structural vibrations especially acceleration for a wide range of basic wind speeds. The performance of the TLCD system was highly dependent on the ratio of horizontal to total length of the liquid column, and with increasing the horizontal length, the control efficiency of the TLCD became closer to the that of the TMD. Although the control efficiency of TMD is relatively higher than that of the TLCD, however, higher safety, lower installation and maintenance cost and multi usages of TLCD make it more appropriate for practical applications.
Vibration control of super-tall buildings using combination of tapering method and TMD system
2020, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics
Citation Excerpt :
Many theoretical and experimental studies have been carried out to investigate the wind-induced vibration mitigation of the TMD system. Kawaguchi et al. (1992) and Tsukagoshi et al. (1993) presented time-domain analysis to evaluate the wind-induced oscillations of a tall building with the TMD. Kawaguchi et al. (1992) showed that for an example 42 m high building, the damper could reduce the vibration of primary mode around 60% when the mass ratio to the primary effective modal mass is 0.5%.
Modern super-tall buildings are highly sensitive to wind-induced vibrations due to their high flexibility and low inherent damping. Tapering the cross-section of buildings is an aerodynamic modification to control wind-induced vibrations. Tuned mass damper (TMD) is another control system to mitigate structural vibrations. In the present study, the effect of using the tapering method together with the TMD system on the wind-induced vibration control of super-tall buildings is investigated. A numerical example of super-tall buildings is presented, and the wind-induced responses are computed for four different conditions, including: tapered and non-tapered super-tall buildings with and without TMD system. The along-wind and crosswind responses are computed using the frequency domain analysis for different values of taper and TMD mass ratio. The results indicate that for tapered buildings, the natural frequency of the structure increases as taper ratio increases and since the acceleration is proportional to the square of the natural frequency, tapering method cannot effectively reduce the acceleration response. TMD has higher acceleration control performance than the displacement. By using the two control strategies together, both the displacement and acceleration responses can be effectively suppressed, and this method would be helpful in satisfying the occupant comfort and safety criteria of super-tall building.
A calculation methodology for the determination of the dynamic alongwind response of tall structures under wind action
2015, Revista Internacional de Metodos Numericos para Calculo y Diseno en Ingenieria
La optimización de los métodos de cálculo, junto al avance de la tecnología en la construcción de estructuras civiles, permiten actualmente diseñar y construir estructuras cada vez más livianas, de baja rigidez y amortiguamiento, transformándolas en elementos altamente sensibles a los efectos dinámicos inducidos por la acción del viento. El objetivo de este trabajo es el de describir y aplicar una metodología sencilla de cálculo que permita la determinación de la respuesta dinámica longitudinal en el dominio del tiempo de estructuras altas sometidas a la acción del viento. El campo de velocidad de viento se reproduce mediante series de velocidad que incluyen la función de coherencia, para luego transformarlas en fuerzas nodales fluctuantes utilizando el modelo de carga cuasi-estático. Para incluir el efecto de promediado imperfecto asociado a los nodos discretizados, se incorpora además la función de admitancia aerodinámica.
Mediante la metodología propuesta se analizan dos estructuras ampliamente estudiadas por otros autores, las cuales consisten en una torre de acero y el CAARC Standard Tall Building. Los resultados así obtenidos presentan concordancia con los reportados por la bibliografía de referencia.
The optimization of computing methods along with the advance of construction technology of civil structures, allow nowadays to design and build lighter and low stiffness and damping structures, turning them into elements of high sensitivity against wind-induced dynamic effects. The purpose of this work is to describe and to apply a simple calculation methodology that enables the determination of the longitudinal dynamic response of tall buildings in time domain. The wind velocity field is reproduced by velocity series that incorporate the coherence function which then are transformed into fluctuating nodal forces using the quasi-static loading model. Furthermore, to include the effect of imperfect averaging associated with the discretized nodes, the aerodynamic admittance function is added.
Through the proposed methodology two structures widely studied by other authors are analyzed: a steel tower and the CAARC Standard Tall Building. The results thus obtained show agreement with those reported in the literature.
Wind-induced vibration of high-rise building with tuned mass damper including soil-structure interaction
2008, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics
In this paper, a mathematical model is developed for predicting wind-induced oscillations of a high-rise building with a tuned mass damper (TMD) when the soil–structure interaction (SSI) is considered. This model is based on time-domain analyses. Numerical examples are used to assess the effectiveness of a TMD for vibration mitigation under wind loads. Results indicate that the proposed model can reasonably reflect soil characteristics. It can more accurately evaluate wind-induced responses of a building with a TMD than fixed-base models. Furthermore, structural oscillations will be overestimated and the effectiveness of TMDs will be underestimated if SSI is neglected. Our findings also confirm that TMDs are beneficial devices in reducing wind-induced vibrations of tall buildings. In particular, they are more effective for the higher soil stiffness. This study will help researchers better understand mechanisms of wind-induced responses for a building with a TMD when SSI is taken into account. It will also improve the understanding of wind-resistant designs for high-rise buildings.
Effects of amplitude-dependent damping and time constant on wind-induced responses of super tall building
2007, Computers and Structures
Full-scale measurements of wind-induced responses of a 79-storey tall building, Di Wang Tower, were conducted during the passages of several typhoons. The amplitude-dependent damping ratios of the super tall building were obtained from the measurements. A Monte Carlo simulation procedure was developed in this study to generate fluctuating along-wind and across-wind forces acting on this building. The wind-induced responses of Di Wang Tower were numerically evaluated in time domain on the basis of the generated fluctuating wind forces and the established finite element model of the building. The predicted dynamic responses of the building using the actual amplitude-dependent damping characteristics were compared to those computed with constant damping parameters assumed by the structural designers to evaluate the adequacy of current design practices and to investigate the effect of amplitude-dependent damping on the wind-induced responses. Finally, the effect of time constant on the wind-induced responses of Di Wang Tower was studied by comparing the time domain computational results with those from conventional spectral analysis method. Some of the research findings resulted from this combined experimental and numerical study are expected to be of interest and practical use to professionals and researchers involved in the design and analysis of super tall buildings.
Characteristics of wind forces acting on tall buildings
2005, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics
Nine models with different rectangular cross-sections were tested in a wind tunnel to study the characteristics of wind forces on tall buildings. The data was briefly reported (Local wind forces acting on rectangular prisms. Proceedings of 14th National Symposium on Wind Engineering, 4–6 December 1996, Japan Association for Wind Engineering, Tokyo, pp. 263–268.). In the present paper, local wind forces on tall buildings are investigated in terms of mean and RMS force coefficients, power spectral density, and spanwise correlation and coherence. The effects of three parameters, elevation, aspect ratio, and side ratio, on bluff-body flow and thereby on the local wind forces are discussed. The overall loads and base moments are obtained by integration of local wind forces. Comparisons are made with results obtained from high-frequency force balances in two wind tunnels.

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Response analyses on along-wind and across-wind vibrations of tall buildings in time domain

Abstract

Measurements of fluctuating pressures on square cross sectional buildings

Relationships between the instantaneous peak values and the evaluation time — A theory on the gust factor

Simulation of multidimensional wind fluctuations having any arbitrary power spectra and cross spectra

On the correlation between the shape of rectangular cylinders and characteristics of fluctuating lifts on them